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HUBS192 > Lecture 1 > Flashcards

Lecture 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 3 layers of the skin?

A
  1. epidermis
  2. dermis
  3. hypodermis
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2
Q

what basic tissue type is dominant in the epidermis layer?

A

epithelial tissue

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3
Q

what type of epithelia is predominant in the epidermis ?

A

stratified squamous epithelium

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4
Q

what is the difference between stratified and simple epethelia

A

simple = single layer of cells

stratified = stacked layer of cells

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5
Q

is the epidermis vascular or avascular?

A

avascular = meaning there is no blood circulation

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6
Q

primary functions of the skin and accessory structures ? 6

A
  • protecting underlying tissues and organisms against abrasion, impact, fluid loss and chemical attack
  • excretion of salts, water and organic wastes
  • maintain normal body temp
  • produce melanin = protects underlying tissue from UV radiation
  • produce keratin = protects against abrasion + water repellent
  • detect touch, pressure, pain and temperature
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7
Q

the difference between thick and thin skin and where they are found

A

thick skin = 5 layers and found on plams of hands and soles of feet

thin skin = mostly everywhere apart from where thick skin is

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8
Q

what are the layers of thin skin?

A
  • Stratum Corneum
  • Stratum Granulosum
  • Stratum Spinosum
  • Stratum Basale
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9
Q

what are the layers of thick skin ?

A
  • Startum Corneum
  • Stratum Lucidum
  • Startum Granulosum
  • Stratum Spinosum
  • Stratum Basale
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10
Q

cell type of stratum corneum

A

dead, dried out hard cells without nuclei

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11
Q

cell type of stratum granulosum

A
  • contains granules that promote dehydration of the cell, crosslinking of keratin fibre
  • waxy material is secreted into intercellular spaces
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12
Q

cell type of stratum spinosum

A
  • intercellular bridgescalled desmosomes link the cells together
  • the cells become increasingly flatted as they move upwards
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13
Q

cell type of stratum basale

A
  • columnar (tall) regenerative cells
  • as the basal cell divides, a daughter cell migrates upwards to replenish the layer above
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14
Q

what are desmosomes?

A

anchors adjacent/neighbouring cells WITHIN the epidermis

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15
Q

what are the hemidesmosomes?

A

anchors stratum basale to the dermis

  • BETWEEN the epidermis and dermis
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16
Q

what helps to provide strength in the dermis?

A

protein fibres

17
Q

is the dermis vascular or avascular

A

highly vascular = lots of blood vessels, nourishes the epidermis

18
Q

does the dermis shed?

A

NO it does not shed

19
Q

the dermis is divided into two layers, what are they?

A

papillary layer and reticular layer

20
Q

what does the papillary layer consist of ?

A

highly vascularised tissues (for nourishment)

21
Q

what does the reticular layer consist of?

A

mesh like structure of collagen and elastin fibres (for strength)

22
Q

what does plexus stand for ?

A

a network of blood vessels or nerves

23
Q

what are the two types of plexus?

A

cutaneous plexus and sub papillary plexus

24
Q

what is in the cutaneous layer?

A

the epidermis and the dermis

25
Q

what is the subcutaneous layer consist of?

A

hypodermis

26
Q

is the hypodermis part of the skin?

A

not considered part of the skin

27
Q

what is the hypodermis dominated by?

A

dominated by the adipocytes that produce subcutaneous fat

28
Q

what is the function of subcutaneous fat stores?

A

stores energy and provides insulation

29
Q

details of first degree burn

A
  • superficial
  • red/pink, dry, painful
  • usually heals 3-10 days
  • retains most of its functions
30
Q

details of second degree burns (normal and deep)

A

NORMAL
- epidermis + varying amounts of dermis
- painful moist, red and blistered
- usually heal approx 1-2 weeks

DEEPER
- may include whiteish, waxy looking areas
- usually heal in 1 month
- may have some loss of sensation and scarring

31
Q

details of third degree burn

A
  • epidermis, dermis and hypodermis are effected
  • varied colour from waxy white through to deep red or black
  • hard, dry and leathery skin
  • no pain in these areas as sensory nerve endings destroyed

HUBS192 (13 decks)

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