Lecture 1

Question 1

When and by who discovered Nucleic acids?

A) 1930 Watson and Crick
B) 1570 Rosa anne Watts
C) 1870 Friedrich Miescher
D) 1970 Francis Crick

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Who discovered the structure of DNA and who robbed her from this discovery and potentially assassinated her so she wouldn’t get the nobel peace prize in 1953?

Answer 2

Rosalind Franklin. James Watson and Francis Crick

Question 3

What is the general function of Nucleic Acids?

Answer 3

information storage, transmission, and expression of genetic information

Question 4

What is the general function of protein? What are they made of?

Answer 4

structural, transport agents, transmit information, or catalyze reactions. Made from Amino acids

Question 5

What is the general function of carbohydrates? What are its monomers?

Answer 5

Used extensively as energy source as well as some structure. Monomers consist of saccharides

Question 6

What is the general function of Lipids? Is lipid a polymer?

Answer 6

As an energy source, membrane structure, and steroid precursor. no

Question 7

What does it mean to be amphipathic vs aliphatic?

Answer 7

– Amphipathic refers to the ability to have hydrophilic and hydrophobic portions present in a molecule.

– Aliphatic refers to a simple straight carbon chain.

Question 8

What are the 3 major classes of organisms?

Answer 8

Eukarya, Archaea, and Eubacteria.

Question 9

Can Archaea and Eubacteria be multicellular?

Answer 9

No

Question 10

True or false. Bacteria cells and Plant cells have a rigid cell wall.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

Where is the majority of genetic information present in a prokaryotic bacteria cell?

Answer 11

nucleoid

Question 12

What differentiates eukaryotic animal cells from other groups?

Answer 12

Has membrane bound organelles as well as a central center that contains all genetic information.

Question 13

What are some organelles found in eukaryotic plant cells not seen in general eukaryotic cells?

Answer 13

chloroplasts and vacuole

Question 14

What is the function of vacuoles?

Answer 14

secretion, storage, excretion, and digestion

Question 15

What are the main organelles f=of a Eukaryotic Cell ? And describe their function

Answer 15

– Nucleus: contains genetic material (chromatin) and surrounded by nuclear envelope

– Endoplasmic reticulum: folded membrane where much protein synthesis happens

– Golgi apparatus: function in secretion and transport of proteins

– Mitochondria: structure specialized for oxidative metabolism

Lysosomes: digestive site

Question 16

T or F, the reason why functions are compartmentalized into organelles in Eukaryotic cells is because it is 10-20x larger than prokaryotes

Answer 16

True

Question 17

T or F, Carbohydrates are polymers of Sugar

Answer 17

true

Question 18

What is a polypeptide?

Answer 18

– a polymer assembled from 20 diff amino acids

– can aid with structure, transportation and catalysis of reactions

Question 19

Why are C, H, O and N important?

Answer 19

– important for their tendency to form stable covalent bonds –> used to create large macromolecules

Question 20

Why is sulfur important for protein structure?

Answer 20

– forms covalent bonds –> disulfide bonds w/ cysteine residues with (SH- groups)

Question 21

Why is phosphorus important to nucleic acids?

Answer 21

– important to nucleic acid structure, function and energy metabolism