Lect 5

Question 1

Gives the name to an important cranial nerve ( nerve X)’

Answer 1

Vagus nerve

Question 2

What are the 3 parts of brain stem

Answer 2

Medulla, pons and midbrain

Question 3

Give the function of medulla

Answer 3

Traditional form the spinal cord to the brain
The pyramids controls the opposite side of the body
Control involuntary functions such as blood pressure, breathing, vomiting, swallowing

Question 4

What are the function of pons

Answer 4

Act as a relay station between the cerebellum and the cerebrum
Coordinate breathing

Question 5

What are the functions of the midbrain

Answer 5

Eye movement, relay signals for hearing and seeing reflexes

Question 6

What is the function of cerebellum

Answer 6

Process sensory information and coordinate the execution of movement
Equilibrium and balance form somatic receptor

Question 7

What are the 4 types of diencephalon

Answer 7

Thalamus, hypothalamus, pituary gland and pineal gland

Question 8

What is the function of thalamus

Answer 8

Receives sensory info
Relay station

Question 9

What is the function of hypothalamus

Answer 9

Control homeostasis
Behavioural drives : hunger, thrist
Influences autonomic function and endocrine function

Question 10

What is the function of pituary gland

Answer 10

Hormones are regulated by hypothalamic neuro hormones

Question 11

What is the function of pineal gland

Answer 11

Secretes melatonin

Question 12

What is corpus collusum

Answer 12

The 2 hemisphere communicate with each other

Question 13

What is the 3 parts of gray matter of the brain

Answer 13

Cerebral cortex
Basal ganglia
limbic system

Question 14

Eats is the function of basal ganglia

Answer 14

Control movembt

Question 15

What is the function of limbic system

Answer 15

Link between cognitive functions and emotions

Question 16

What is the parts of the limbic system and explain their functions

Answer 16

Amygdala and cingulate gyrus: emotion and memory
Hippocampus: learning and memory

Question 17

What is the part of white matter

Answer 17

Bundles of fibers

Question 18

What is the function of bundles of fibers

Answer 18

Connect different regions of the brain to communicate with each other and transfer information from one hemisphere to other by corpus callousness

Question 19

What is the brain function

Answer 19

1) sensory system ( monitor and reflex )
2) cognitive system ( voluntary response)
3) behavioural state system ( governs sleep wake cycle)

Question 20

Cerebral cortex is organized into functional Areas

Answer 20

1) sensory area
2) motor area
3) association areas

Question 21

Ce verbal lateralization

Answer 21

Right and left hemisphere has different functions

Question 22

The motor system governs output form CNS

Answer 22

1) skeletal muscle movement
2) neuroendocrine signals
3) visceral response

Question 23

What is the function of the behaviour state

Answer 23

Control levels of conciousness and sleep wake cycle

Question 24

Why do we sleep

Answer 24

Good for memory and immune response

Question 25

What are the 4 stages of sleep

Answer 25

N1 N2 N3 - non REM sleep Rapid eye movement - REM sleep

Question 26

What is special about the N3 sleep

Answer 26

It is the feel sleep, it has a high amplitude and a low fréquency. During this phase the body positions is un conscious

Question 27

What is the REM sleep

Answer 27

Low amplitude high fréquence. Brain activity inhibits motor neuron to skeletal Muscle paralysis and dream takes place

Question 28

One complete cycle takes how much time

Answer 28

1-2 h

Question 29

Primary clock

Answer 29

Located in the seprachiasmatic nucleus of hypothalamus

Question 30

What is the 2 functions of learning

Answer 30

Associative learning and non associative learning

Question 31

Explain associative learning

Answer 31

Occurs when 2 stimulus are associated with each other

Question 32

What is non associative learning

Answer 32

change in behaviour after repeated exposure to a single stimulus

Question 33

What is the 2 parts of non associative learning

Answer 33

Habituation and sensitization

Question 34

Explain habituation or non associative learning

Answer 34

Habituation is that you have a lower réponse to an irrelevant stimulus that is repeated over and over again

Question 35

Explain sensitization of non associative learning

Answer 35

Exposure to noxious or intense stimulus causes an enhanced response upon subsequent exposure

Question 36

What is memory

Answer 36

Ability to retain and recall information

Question 37

What is short term, working memory and long term memory

Answer 37

Short term: memory disappears eight away unless an effort is made Working memory : it keeps information long enough to put them in use in a task Long term memory : capable of holding a vast amount of information

Question 38

What is long term memory with consolidation

Answer 38

Process that converts short memory into a long term one

Question 39

What is reflexive memory and declarative memory

Answer 39

Reflexive : automatic does not require conscious attention Declarative : require attention to recall

Question 40

Spoken language involves 2 regions

Answer 40

Wernicks area - understand language Broca’s area - produce speech