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Mammalian Physiology > Lect 1 Introduction > Flashcards

Lect 1 Introduction Flashcards

1
Q

What is physiology

A

Study of the normal functioning of a living organism and it’s components part

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2
Q

What is the organization of life

A

Atoms, molecules, cells, tissues, organs, organs systems and organism

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3
Q

True or false

The cell is the smallest unit of structure capable of carrying out all life processes

A

True

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4
Q

Explain what these organs system do

  1. Integumentary
  2. Musculoskeletal
  3. Respiratory
  4. Digestive
  5. Urinary
  6. Reproductive
  7. Circulatory ( cardiovascular )
  8. Nervous
  9. Endocrine
  10. Immune
A
  1. Integumentary- skin
  2. Musculoskeletal- support and body movement
  3. respiratory- exchange gases
  4. Digestive - takes up nutrients ( including water) and removes wastes
  5. Urinary - removes water and waste material
  6. Reproductive - produces eggs and sperm
  7. Circulatory ( cardiovascular) - distributed materials by pumping blood through vessels
  8. Nervous - coordinates body functions
  9. Endocrine - coordinates body functions
  10. Immunes - protects form foreign substance
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5
Q

What are the 4 types of tissues

A

Nervous, muscle, connective and epithelial

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6
Q

Explain epithelial tissue

A

Protect the internal environment, regulate the exchange material or ma facture and secrete chemicals

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7
Q

What are the 5 functional types of epithelial tissue

A

Exchange, transporting, ciliated, protective and secretory

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8
Q

Explain connective tissue

A

Extensive extracellular matrix that provides structural support and forms a physical barrier

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9
Q

Give examples of connective tissue

A

Adipose tissue, bone, blood

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10
Q

Explain muscle tissue

A

It has the ability to contract and produce force and movement.

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11
Q

What are the types of muscle tissues

A

Muscle in the heart, smooth muscle and skeletal muscle

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12
Q

Explain neural tissue

A

Use neurons, which use electrical and chemical signals to transmit information form one part of the body to another

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13
Q

What is homeostasis

A

Maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment

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14
Q

What happens when there is a failure to maintain homeostasis

A

Diseases

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15
Q

What is ECF

A

The watery internal environment that surrounds the cells

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16
Q

What is ICF

A

Is the fuis within the cells

17
Q

What is the role of ECF

A

It serves as a buffer zone between outside world and ICF

18
Q

What is the % is our body weight that is water

A

60%

19
Q

Of the total volume what is the percentage that is in ICF and ECF

A

ICF 40%
ECF 20%

20
Q

Explain what is a dynamic steady state

A

Materials are moving between 2 compartments but there is no net movement

21
Q

What is a equilibrium

A

Composition of compartments are identical

22
Q

Why homeostasis is not an equilibrium

A

I’m a state of homeostasis the composition of both body compartments is relatively stable. So it is a dynamic steady state

23
Q

What are the types of controls systems and explain

A

Local control - restricted to a tissue or cell
Reflex control - uses long distance signaling

24
Q

What is a feedback loop

A

It modulates the response loop

25
Q

How does a feedback loop works ( what are the steps to give a response)

A

Stimulus- sensor- input signal- integrating center- output signal- target- response

26
Q

Explains the negative and positive feedback

A

Negative - stabilize the variable
Positive - reinforce the variable ( do by lead to homeostasis)

27
Q

Explain the pathway for negative feedback

A

The initial stimulus will have a reponse end this réponse will shut off the initial stimulus

Ex : if you are cold you’re body will detect and the reponse will be sweat

28
Q

Explain the pathway for a positive feedback

A

You have the stimulus you will have a réponse that will increase the stimulus

Example giving birth : the banning pushing against the fervid will have a cervical street that will stimulate oxytocin release that will cause intermixed contraction and it continues

29
Q

What is a feedforward control

A

Allows the body to anticipate change

30
Q

Reflex control has 2 parts what is it

A

Responsive loop and feedback loop

31
Q

Explain the response loop

A

Begins with a stimulus and uses nervous or endocrine system

Mammalian Physiology (6 decks)

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