LEC MOD 2 Flashcards
force that attracts and holds two or more atoms together to form a complex unit
Chemical bond
combining atoms results to a?
Chemical compound
physical properties of ionic compounds:
solid at room temp/ crystalline high MP and BP soluble in polar able to conduct electricity in aque sols joined by ionic bonds
these are formed through the transfer of one or more electrons from an atom to another atom
Ionic bonds
these are formed through the sharing of one or more electrons from one atom to another
Covalent bonds
electrons located at the outermost or highest electron shell of a representative or noble gas element/s.
Valence electrons
diagrams that represents the number of valence electron each element has
Lewis structure / electron-dot structure
it meanss the element doess not easily undergo spontaneous change or reaction
stable
exception/s in octet rule:
Lithium Li
Beryllium Be
Helium He
Hydroggen H
an atom that is electrically charged as a result of loss or gain of electrons
Ion
is defined as an atom and ion/s that have the same number and config of electrons
Isoelectronic
are covalent bonds where the shared electrons cam from a single atom only
Coordinate bonds
is a type of chemical bonding where both ionic and covalent charges are present
Mixed bonding
is a measure of the ddegree of inequality in the attraction of bonding electrons
Molecular Polarity
A kind of polarity where it has symetrical distribution of electron charge; equal distribution of electrons
Non-polar
a kind of polarity that has assymetrical distribution of electron charge where the attraction of bonding is greater in one atom.
Polar
it is the measure of an atom’s attraction for electron in a bond; increases from left to right and decreases from top to bottom
Electronegativity
an abbreviation used to indicate an element or an atom of the element
Symbols and formulas
compoundds that contains two element
Binary compounds
binary salt naming; formula and example
M+NM
M + stem of NM + ide
NaCl- sodium Chloride
Metalss with variable ionic charges:
Hg- 1,2 Cu-1,,2 Au-1,,3 Co-2,3 Fe-2,3 Sn- 2,,4 Pb-2,4
metallic oxide; formula andd example
metal + O
Name of M + oxide
MgO- Magnesium Oxide
Binary covalent compound; formula and example
NM + stem of NM + ide
USE prefix for quantity
PCl5- Phossphorus pentachloride
Binary acid; formula and examples
Hydrogen + NM
Hydro + stem of NM + ic + acid
HCl- hydrochloriic acid
non metallic oxide; formula and examples
NM + O
Name of NM + oxide
USE greek prefixes
NO2- Nitrogen dioxide
ternary acids; formula and example
Hydrogen + polyatomic ion
Convert ate to ic
convert ite to ous
HNO3- Nitrate= Nitric Acid
Ternary salts; formula and examples
M + polyatomic ion
name of M + name of PA ion
acid salts; frmula and example
M + PA ion with H
NaHCO3- Sodium Bicarbonate
metallic hydroxides; formula and examples
Name of M + hydroxide
Ca(OH)2- calcium Hydroxide
ammonium compounds; formula and examples
with NH4
Ammonium + name of element
Cyanides; formula and examples
Name of M + cyanide