[LEC] Biochem chapter 21 book

Question 1

Adenylate Cylase

Answer 1

which leads to production of active protein kinase A.

Question 2

Protein Kinase Phosphorylates Triacylglycerols Lipase (PKPTL)

Answer 2

whichleaves the fatty acids from the glycerol backbone

Question 3

Activation in lipid metabolism

Answer 3

involves the formation of a thioester bond between the carboxyl group of the fatty acid and thiol group of coenzyme A.

Question 4

The activated form of fatty acid

Answer 4

Acyl-CoA

Question 5

• The enzyme that catalyzes formation of the ester bond.
• Requires ATP for its action

Answer 5

Acyl-CoA synthase

Question 6

can cross the outer mitochondrial membrane but not the inner membrane.

Answer 6

Acyl-CoA

Question 7

in the intermembrane space, the acyl group is transferred to _______ by transesterification, this reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme __________, which is located in the inner membrane.

Answer 7

carnitine
carnitine acyltransferase

Question 8

• a compound that can cross the inner mitochondrial membrane is formed
• this enzyme has a specificity for acyl groups between 14 and 18 carbons long and is often called _______________.

Answer 8

• Acyl-carnitine
• carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT-I)

Question 9

the acyl-carnitine passes through the inner membrase via a specific carnitine/ acyl-carnitine transporter called

Answer 9

carnitine translocase

Question 10

once in the matrix, the acyl group is transferred from carnitine to mitochondrial CoA-SH by another transesterification reaction, involving a second ___________ located on the inner face of the membrane.

Answer 10

carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT-II)

Question 11

A molecule used in fatty acid metabolism to shuttle acyl groups accross the inner mitochondrial membrane.

Answer 11

Carnitine

Question 12

an enzyme that transfers a fatty acyl group to carnitine

Answer 12

carnitine acyltransferase

Question 13

the primary fom of carnitine acyltransferase, found on the cytosol side of the inner mitochondrial membrane; it functions to transfer long chainm fatty acyl groups from Coenzyme A to carnitine.

Answer 13

Carnitine Palmi toyl transferase (CPT-1)

Question 14

the enzyme that moves acyl-carnitine across the inner mitochondrial membrane.

Answer 14

Carnitine-Translocase

Question 15

another form of carnitine acyltransferase, found in the mitochondrial matrix; it functions to transfer long-chain fatty acuyl groups from carnitine to Coenzyme A.

Answer 15

Carnitine-Palmi toyl transferase (CPT-II)

Question 16

• In a matrix, a repeated sequence of reactions successively cleaves two carbon units from the fatty acid, starting from the carboxyl ends. The process is called ________________.
• since the oxidative cleavage takes place at the B-carbon of the acyl group esterified to CoA.

Answer 16

B-oxidation

Question 17

the main pathway of catabolism for fatty acids

Answer 17

B-oxidation