lec 9- foraging Flashcards
what are the categories of species based off of sources of energy?
-producer (autotrophs): plants, cyanobacteria etc.
-Mixed nutrition (mixotrophs): many algae, other protists/ animals and plants
-consumers (heterotrophs): herbivore, carnivore fungi bacteria
what is a predator?
an animal or organism that gains energy from eating another organism
what are parasites?
organisms that consume parts of their hosts to live
what are parasitoids?
wasp or fly larvae that consume part of their hosts tissues
what are herbivores?
consume parts of plants or other autotrophs
what are the other names for herbivores?
-grazers (herbaceous veg & algae)
-browsers (woody vegetation)
what are detrivores/scavengers?
organisms that consume dead organisms
what are the adaptations to avoid predation?
chemical, crypsis (camouflage), mimicry, mechanical and morphological defenses, and behaviour
what are the adaptations to exploit prey?
jaws, claws, dentition, digestion behaviour
what are batesian mimics?
it is when a harmless species (palatable/pleasant) has evolved to imitate the warning signals of a more dangerous species (noxious/unpleasant)
what are mullerian mimics?
species that are moderately noxious that mimic one another to ward off their shared predator
is predator size proportional to prey size?
yes, as prey gets bigger so does its predator
what is risk sensitive foraging?
when an organism changes its foraging strategy due to environmental conditions and ability to meet net energy levels
