Lec 7 - Digital Flashcards
What is the article by Lola Xie, Juliet Pinto, and Bu Zhong about?
The study, titled “Building community resilience on social media to help recover from the COVID-19 pandemic,” explores the relationship between social media use and perceived community resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic
The authors, Lola Xie, Juliet Pinto, and Bu Zhong, argue that social media plays a crucial role in shaping people’s perceptions of their community’s ability to withstand and recover from crises.
What is (percieved) Comunity Resilience? (Xie, Pinto and Zhong)
Community resilience is defined as the capacity of a community to adapt and bounce back from adversity, incorporating both individual preparedness and networked social support systems.
Perceived community resilience reflects the public’s belief in their community’s ability to withstand and recover from disasters
What is the Uses and Gratifications Theory (Xie, Pinto and Zhong)?
The Uses and Gratifications Theory (UGT) suggests that individuals are goal-oriented when they consume media. They actively choose and use media to satisfy particular needs and desires. This means that people don’t passively absorb media messages; instead, they make deliberate choices about what they watch, read, or listen to based on what they hope to gain from the experience.
●For example, someone might use social media to connect with friends and family (social needs), learn about current events (informational needs), or simply to relax and escape from daily stress (entertainment needs)
What is Coping (Xie, Pinto and Zhong)?
Coping is defined as the cognitive and behavioural efforts people make to manage negative emotions or overwhelming demands from difficult environments. These efforts can involve a range of strategies, including seeking information, seeking social support, taking action to address the problem, or avoiding the problem altogether.
●Coping can be viewed as both problem-solving and emotion regulation strategies. Any tools, skills, or social networks that help an individual manage stress can be considered coping resources.
What is Collective Efficacy and Community Identity? (Xie, Pinto and Zhong)
Collective efficacy (the belief in the community’s ability to achieve goals through collective effort)
Community identity (the feeling of belonging and connection to one’s community)
Both are considered key factors influencing perceived community resilience.
What were the main findings of “Building community resilience on social media to help recover from the COVID-19 pandemic” by Lola Xie, Juliet Pinto, and Bu Zhong?
Social support seeking on social media was positively associated with perceived community resilience.
Community information support on social media was negatively associated with perceived community resilience.
Information seeking and information avoidance on social media were not significantly associated with perceived community resilience.
Collective efficacy and community identity were both positively associated with perceived community resilience.
Positive emotions were positively associated with perceived community resilience, while negative emotions were negatively associated with it.
The authors suggest that the negative association between community information support and perceived community resilience might be due to increased exposure to negative news and misinformation while trying to help others.
The study underscores the importance of social media as a tool for building community resilience during crises. It recommends leveraging social media to provide social support and strengthen social connections within communities.
What is Santos et al. research about?
The study investigates the role of resilience in mitigating the negative mental health effects of cyberbullying victimisation among adolescents. The researchers wanted to understand if higher levels of resilience could protect adolescents from experiencing increased depression symptoms and reduced life satisfaction after being cyberbullied.
What is Cyberbullying? Santos et al
Cyberbullying: Defined as intentional and repeated aggression using electronic devices to abuse, threaten, humiliate, or harass others who cannot easily defend themselves. The study used a five-item scale to measure the frequency of cyberbullying victimisation experienced by the adolescents in the past year.
What were the key findings in the research of santos et al on cyberbullying?
**Prevalence of Cyberbullying: **10.83% of the adolescents reported being cyberbullied three or more times in the past year. There were no significant differences in prevalence between boys and girls
Cyberbullying and Mental Health: Cyberbullying victimisation was significantly associated with:
■Increased depression symptoms.
■Decreased life satisfaction.
Resilience as a Protective Factor: Higher levels of resilience were significantly associated with:
■Fewer depression symptoms.
■Higher life satisfaction.
Moderating Effect of Resilience: The interaction between cyberbullying victimisation and resilience was significant for both depression symptoms and life satisfaction. This means resilience moderated or buffered the negative mental health effects of cyberbullying.
■Among adolescents with lower levels of resilience, the association between cyberbullying and negative mental health outcomes was stronger.
■Among adolescents with higher levels of resilience, the same association was weaker, although still statistically significant.
What are the limitations of the research by Santos on cyberbullying?
The study highlights the importance of fostering resilience in adolescents to help them cope with the negative effects of cyberbullying.
Prevention efforts should focus on enhancing individual resilience factors like social support, family cohesion, self-confidence, and problem-solving skills.
Mental health professionals, educators, and parents should work together to build resilience in young people and provide support to those who have experienced cyberbullying.
What is the article by Udwar, Leurs and Alencar about?
This article, “Digital Resilience Tactics of Syrian Refugees in the Netherlands: Social Media for Social Support, Health, and Identity,” explores how Syrian refugees in the Netherlands use digital media to cope with the challenges of integration. The authors argue that while policies often frame refugees as needing to be resilient in order to be accepted, these policies often fail to recognise the agency and strength refugees already possess. They use the concept of “digital resilience tactics” to describe how refugees use digital media to navigate the obstacles they face.
What are the key points of the article about digital resilience tactics of syrian refugees? By udwan et al.
The authors conclude that digital media play an important role in helping refugees 2qbecome resilient, but they caution against oversimplifying the concept of resilience. They argue that resilience is not just about individual strength but also about access to resources and support. They call for more research on how digital technologies can be used to facilitate resilience and address the structural inequalities that refugees face.
Resilience is often presented as a solution to the refugee crisis, but this framing can ignore the structural inequalities and hardships refugees face. The authors highlight the ways in which budget cuts and the digitalisation of services put more pressure on refugees to become self-reliant.
The authors take a critical, bottom-up approach to resilience, focusing on the agency of refugees and how they use digital media to cope. They draw on the work of Michel de Certeau to understand how refugees develop “tactics” to “make do” with the integration structures they encounter.
The study is based on in-depth interviews with 22 Syrian refugees living in the Netherlands. The researchers acknowledge the power dynamics inherent in their research and strive to centre the voices and experiences of the refugees.
What are the three key digital resilience tactics employed by syrian refugees in the netherlands?
**Digital Social Support: **Refugees use social media to stay connected with family and friends, both in the Netherlands and in Syria. This connection provides emotional support and helps them feel less isolated. However, refugees also face challenges in sharing their struggles with family members who are still living in a war zone, and they may engage in “emotional digital labour” to protect their loved ones from further worry. This reveals a paradox of digital resilience: while online connections are important, they can also be emotionally taxing.
Digital Health: Refugees face difficulties navigating the Dutch healthcare system, and they often turn to social media to find information and support. They use platforms like Facebook to connect with other refugees, share experiences, and ask for advice. This highlights the importance of community resilience in the digital realm. However, not all information found online is trustworthy, leading some refugees to rely on trusted networks or family members with medical backgrounds for advice.
Digital Identity: Refugees use social media to construct and negotiate their identities in a new context. They use platforms like YouTube to share their stories, express their feelings, and challenge stereotypes. They also engage in “technology enabled code switching,” tailoring their online presentations to different audiences. This negotiation of identity online is another example of digital resilience.
What traces do we leave online?
*Words
*Pictures
*Emojis
*Likes
*Browsing History
Are we different people online from the people we are offline?
“People may choose not to reveal certain pieces of information about their lives, such as their sexual orientation or age, and yet this information might be predicted in a statistical sense from other aspects of their lives that they do reveal” (Kosinski et al., 2013)
Which facets of identity and personality can be predicted from digital traces?
Age, gender, occupation, and educational level can be predicted from people’s website browsing logs (Hu, 2007);
Sexual orientation can be predicted from location within a friendship network on Facebook (Jernigan, 2009) –SNA
What did Kosinski study?
*Kosinskiet al. conducted a study to predict personal attributes of users from Facebook Likes
*Study sample = 58,466 volunteers from the U.S.
*Instrument = Facebook application
*Theoretical Model: The Big Five
*Collected information: Facebook profile info, a list of Likes (n = 170 per person on average), psychometric test scores + survey info
