Lec 4 Film Imaging

Question 1

The most widely used receptor system in dentistry.

Answer 1

X-ray film

Question 2

Composition of the x-ray film? (2)

Answer 2

1) Emulsion
2) Base

Question 3

The ________ is sensitive to x-rays and visible light and records the radiographic image. The _______ is a plastic support onto which the emulsion is coated.

Answer 3

Emulsion; base

Question 4

2 main components of the emulsion?

Answer 4

• silver halide grains
• vehicle gelatinous matrix

Question 5

Silver halide grains
- Composed of primarily _____________ crystals 80% to 99%
- 1 – 10% __________

Answer 5

• silver bromide (AgBr)
• silver iodide (AgI)

Question 6

• Suspends the silver halide grains.
• Absorbs processing solutions to reach and react with the silver halide grains.
• Acts as a barrier to protect film from scratching, contamination, or pressure from rollers of the automatic processor.

Answer 6

Vehicle gelatinous matrix

Question 7

Supports the film emulsion.

Answer 7

Base

Question 8

The base of the dental x-ray film is made up of?

Answer 8

Polyester polyethylene terephthalate

Question 9

A thin layer of adhesive material that covers both sides of the film base.

Answer 9

Adhesive layer

Question 10

• Thin transparent coating
• It serves to protect the emulsion surface from manipulation as well as mechanical and processing damage.

Answer 10

Protective layer

Question 11

The intra-oral x-ray film is made up ____-emulsion film.

Answer 11

double-emulsion film

Question 12

Is a small, raised bump in one corner of the film is used for orientation.

Answer 12

Identification dot

Question 13

Identification dot:
- Convex side of dot means ____ side.
- Concave side of dot means towards ________.
- After exposure, during mounting, _______ side of the dot is toward the viewer.

Answer 13

• Convex side = tube side
• Concave side = patient’s tongue
• Convex side = viewer

Question 14

Covers the film and shields from light.

Answer 14

Paper film wrap

Question 15

Thin lead foil sheet is positioned behind the film to shield the film from backscattered (secondary) radiation that results in film fog

Answer 15

Lead foil sheet

Question 16

Serves to protect the film from exposure to light and oral fluids.

Answer 16

Outer package wrapping

Question 17

What are the 2 sides of the outer package wrapping?

Answer 17

Tube side, label side

Question 18

• Tube side – faces the ____ and _________.
• Label side – contains the flap, color coded to distinguish one film or two film, when in the mouth, faces the _________.

Answer 18

• teeth and tubehead
• tongue

Question 19

Records the crowns, roots, and surrounding bone

Answer 19

Periapical views

Question 20

PERIAPICAL VIEWS:
- Size __ for small children (22 mm × 35 mm)
- Size __, which is relatively narrow and used for views of the anterior teeth (24 mm × 40 mm)
- Size __, the standard film size used for adults (30.5mm × 40.5 mm)

Answer 20

Size 0
Size 1
Size 2

Question 21

Refers to the amount of radiation required to produce a radiograph of standard density.

Answer 21

Film speed

Question 22

Larger the crystals, ___ (slower/faster?) the film speed

Answer 22

faster

Question 23

An intraoral film speed is determined by? (3)

Answer 23

1) Size of the silver halide crystals
2) Thickness of the emulsion
3) Presence of special radiosensitive dyes

Question 24

• They are used to detect interproximal caries and evaluate the height of alveolar bone.
• Coronal portion of maxillary and mandibular teeth are in one image.

Answer 24

Bitewing views

Question 25

BITEWING VIEW:
- Size ___ film for adults,
- Size ___ for children.

Answer 25

• Size 2
• Size 1

Question 26

A _________________ is used for patients to bite on.

Answer 26

paper tab or bitewing film holder

Question 27

• It is used to show larger areas of the maxilla or mandible than may be seen on a periapical film.
• Patient bites lightly on the film to hold in place
• Shows right angle views.

Answer 27

Occlusal view

Question 28

Occlusal views uses size?

Answer 28

Size 4

Question 29

Extraoral films are also called as?

Answer 29

Screen films

Question 30

Extraoral films are used in? (2)

Answer 30

cephalometric and panoramic views

Question 31

Absorb x-rays and emit visible light, which exposes the film.

Answer 31

Intensifying screens

Question 32

The pattern of stored energy on the exposed film cannot be seen and is referred to as?

Answer 32

Latent image

Question 33

Irregularities in the lattice structure of the exposed crystal that attract the silver atoms?

Answer 33

Sensitivity specks

Question 34

Is placed between two special intensifying screens in a cassette.

Answer 34

Screen film

Question 35

Only __-speed, __-speed, ____speed, and __-speed (fastest) are used in intraoral dentistry

Answer 35

D, E, E/F, F