lec 2: Regs and SARPS Flashcards
international commercial air transportation (1930s)
right
- divides lines of airspace
landing (whos permitted to land where)
customs (border)
safety
- navigation
- accidents
-spread of disease
chicago convention
1944
54 states attended
3 parts - composed of 96 articles
1. air navigation
2. ICAO as organization (how it should be run)
3. international air transport
- ICAO as organization (how it should be run)
safe growth of industry
encourage: growth +innovation/ design, domestic development navigational infrastructure
regulate compensation
project right of each state
- international air transport
financing of international navigation aides
flight planning
partnerships
william kerwin
canadas minister of external affairs
canada delegate
current ICAO members
190 states
essentially UN nations
Article 26
investigations accidents
article 37
adoption of international standards + procedures
k) - aircraft in distress + investigation of accidents
Annex 13
investigations of aviation accidents
originally published/agreed upon in 1951
biggest revision in Rome 1962
added
- a duty of report
- concept of accredited representation
-timely notification
standards
denoted by “shall” in paragraph (italicized)
recommended practices
- denoted by “recommended” in paragraph (italicized)
current revision july 2024
substant damage
anything other than critical component
engine need replacement accident
Annex 13 Composition
- definitions
- applicability
- general
- notification
- investigation
- final report
- ADREP reporting
- accident prevention measures
- definitions
accidents
person fatality/ serious injured (on aircraft, direct contact with aircraft or exposure to jet blast)
aircraft sustains substantial damage/ structure failure
air craft missing/ completely inaccessible
- definitions
major structural damage
air craft is right off
anything other than non critical component
- definitions
incident
occurrence other than accident
- definitions
serious incident
Would have likely resulted in an accident, if not for a fortuitous
outcome
Examples:
Near collisions, near CFIT, Fire in cockpit, emergency crew oxygen, crew
incapacitation, fuel emergencies, runway excursions, etc.
- definitions
state of occurrence (SOO)
The nation within which the occurrence takes place
- definitions
state of operator (SOOp)
Principal place of business or personal residence of the operator
- definitions
state of registry (SOR)
The nation to which the aircraft is registered
- definitions
state of design
the nation within which the aircraft was designed
- definitions
state of manufacture
The nation within which the aircraft was manufactured
- definitions
investigator-in-charge (IIC)
Organizes, conducts and controls the investigation
- definitions
Accredited representative (AccRep)
individual who represents a participating State, other than the State
conducting the investigations
- definitions
advisor
An individual appointed by a participating State to provide expertise
- applicability
all accidents and incidents
- general
ensure during investigation - motive is not to apportion blame
investigation authority must be independant
Air craft weight
cessna 172 (2250kg) > king air (5500kg)>Beech1900, A380
- Notification
1962 addition
state of occurrence: notify all accredited representative states (SOR,SOD,ICAO,SOOp,SOM) - if Weight >2250kg
responsibility of all notification is on state of operator
- notification
info to include
accident or incident
air craft model (use ICAO equipment + monitor)
owner
operator
date and time (UTC)
departure/arrival
site location (latitude and longitude)
crew and passenger injuries + fatalities
description of damage - aircraft + infrastructure
description of site - inflight breakup (smaller radius) - side of slope (inaccessible) - lake
intended scope of investigation
dangerous goods - fuel - release of hazardous waste
- investigation
- instituting and conducting
- responsibilities
- participation
- investigation
- instituting and conducting
state of occurrence
state of registry
defer to any other state
- investigation
2.responsibilites
state conducting
maintain independence
conduct investigation that includes at minimum - gathering of facts (data)
- protection of data
- create recommendations (if any to be made)
-determine cause/ contributing factors
-submit final report
no judical proceedings during investigation
in act domestic laws to facilitate all responsibilities
ensure flight records are recorded and read out in timely manner
autopsy of crew (if required)
protect the following data- witness statements-cockpit voice recorder (1/2 flight recorder flight data recorder)-info stays within participating members
FDR Analysis/opinions
draft final report
- investigation
- participation
all accredited rep sates are entitled and responsible to participate (right and responsibility)
therefore states of fatalities are entitles to appoint expert whos allowed to - visit site- access to public info - copy of final report
chapter 6: final report
content
- factual info
-analysis
- conclusion/ findings
- recommendations
goal (timelines)
- final report - 12 months after accident - if > 12 months - need @ least preliminary - contains all factual info to fate
responses to recommendations - 60 days of final report
final report written in
english
chinese
arabic
french
russian
spanish
- accidente prevention measures
state safety program (SSP)
annex 19
- policies and objectives
-risk management
-safety assurance
-safety promotion
due to implementation in 2019
canada does not have SSP
Canada Transportation Accident Investigation Safety Board Act (CTAISB Act)
SEE NOTES OF TREE DIAGRAM
jurisdiction
no military/train
Board Members/ responsibility
sub delegated to director of investigations responsibilities (DOI)
conduct investigations
identify safety deficiencies
making recommendations
report publicly - ensure not to apportion blame- findings not to be misconstrued as assignment of liability
investigators responsibility
powers of investigations
ability to search + seize
obtain warrants
compile witness statements
medical examinations
summons (written by investigators - hand to uncooperative witness) - of declined - escalates to judge
access + protect site - can tell everyone to leave except coroner
transport canada
minister of transport
entitles to appoint ministers observer (MINOB)
sec 19: privileged info
CVR -cockpit voice recorder
witness statements
occurrence classifications
class 1: safety study
- not conventional investigation
- cover several occurrences (lower severity)
-indicate systemic trend with increase level risk
class 2: major occurrence
class 3: occurrence with significant adverse consequences and possibility of recommendations
class4: important adverse consequences (no recommendations)
Class 5: no new safety lessons / factual data for stats
Class 6: Foreign investigations with TSB Act Representative
