Lec 2 Back osteology

Question 1

What is a sesamoid bone?

Answer 1

embedded inside tendon or ligament

Question 2

Cervical vertebrae unique features

Answer 2

Question 3

Cervical vertebrae unique features

Answer 3

Question 4

Label the known structures

Answer 4

• squamus part
• mastoid process
• styloid process
• Mandibular fossa

Question 5

label the known structures

Answer 5

Mastoid part:

• Mandibular fossa
• styloid process
• stylomastoid foramen
• mastoid process
• mastoid notch
• mastoid foramen

Petrous part

Question 6

label the known structures

Answer 6

Squamous part

Petrous part

Styloid process

mastoid process

Question 7

Label the known structures

Answer 7

Squamous part:

• external occipital protuberance
• superior nuchal line
• inferior nuchal line
• external occipital crest

Basilar part:

• Occipital condyle

Question 8

Label the known structures

Answer 8

Squamous part

• external occipital protuberance
• superior/inferior nuchal line
• externalhttps://www.brainscape.com/decks/7086214/cards/251973388/edit# occipital crest

Basilar part

• pharyngeal tubercle
• occipital condyle
• condylar canal

Question 9

Label the known parts

Answer 9

Squamous part

Basilar part

Question 10

Label the known structures

Answer 10

Anterior arch

• fovea of odontoid process

Posterior arch

• groover for vertebral artery

lateral mass

• transverse process
  
  • transverse foramen

Question 11

Label known structures

Answer 11

Anterior arch

• facet of odontoid process
• anterior tubercle

Posterior arch

• posterior tubercle

lateral mass

• Tubercle for transverse L.
• Transverse process

Question 12

label known structures

Answer 12

Anterior arch

• anterior tubercle

Posterior arch

• groove for vertebral artery

Lateral mass

• inferior/superior articular process

Question 13

What can a blow to the top of the head cause?

Answer 13

fracture both arches of the atlas.

not typically injury spinal cord

if transverse L ruptured odontoid process may injure spinal cord

(jefferson or burst fracture)

Question 14

Label known structures

Answer 14

vertebral body

• dens (odontoid process)

(can label common)

Question 15

Label known structures

Answer 15

Vertebral body

• odontoid process (dens)

(can label common structures)

Question 16

Injury to the axis?

Answer 16

Vertebral arch (hangman fracture)

from hyperextension of head on the neck

not head and neck (whiplash)

Odontoid process

horizontal blow

transverse L stronger so process breaks

Question 17

break of the odontoid process and healing

Answer 17

breaks at base is will usually not heal. transverse L

holding it away from blood supply

Odontoid process breaks at the inferior to the base more likely to heal

Question 18

Label the known structures

(typical cervical vertebrae) 3-6

Answer 18

everything

Question 19

Label the known structures

(typical cervical vert) 3-6

Answer 19

Everything

Question 20

Label structures

Answer 20

7th cervical vert

1. vertebra prominens (C7)
   
   1. spinous process (long and well pronounced)

Question 21

vertebral lamina dont fuse?

Answer 21

Spina bifida occulta (24% pop)

often L5 and S1

tuft of hair

Neural tissue and meninges it is spina bifida cystica

Question 22

Cervical vertebrae and dislocations

Answer 22

articulating facets are more horizontal than other vertebrae it requires less force to dislocate cervical vertebrae.

(large vertebral foramen so this doesnt usually cause spinal cord injury)

Question 23

Name the structures

Answer 23

all

Question 24

Name the structures

Answer 24

all

Question 25

Label the structures

Answer 25

all