Lec 2-2

Question 1

Sugars in RNA vs DNA

Answer 1

RNA has a hydroxyl group while DNA has only a hydrogen that is recognized by most of the proteins that interact with them

Question 2

Purine

Answer 2

A
G

Question 3

Pyrimidine

Answer 3

C
T
U (RNA)

Question 4

A binds to

Answer 4

T or U

Question 5

C binds to

Answer 5

G

Question 6

Purine base pairs dictated with which pyrimidine base is dictated by

Answer 6

Number of hydrogen bonds they form

Question 7

3D model of DNA is found by

Answer 7

Watson Crick and Rosalind Franklin

Question 8

X ray crystallography

Answer 8

Technique to resolve 3D structure of molecules such as proteins

Use bioinformatics to model a protein structure, but these structures are not always accurate

X ray crystallography is very difficult

Question 9

X ray crystallography mechanism

Answer 9

Light is passed through a lead screen

Light is detected on a photographic plate leading to a diffraction pattern which shows the structure of the molecule

Question 10

DNA structure

Answer 10

Composed of two nucleotide polymer strands that run antiparallel

Phosphate sugar backbone on the outside

Base pairs held together with hydrogen bonds on the inside-allows separation

The sequence of the bases were free to vary

Directionality goes from5’ to 3’

Question 11

Genetic material should be able to

Answer 11

Contain large amounts of complex info

Replicate faithfully

Encode the phenotype

Have the capacity to vary

Question 12

Deoxyribose binds to nucleotides from

Answer 12

The 3’ end

Question 13

Phosphate backbone binds to

Answer 13

5’ of deoxyribose

Question 14

T and A form

Answer 14

2 hydrogen bonds

Question 15

C and G form

Answer 15

3 hydrogen bonds

more tightly bound

Question 16

Special information pathways

Answer 16

Reverse transcription can occur which turns RNA into DNA

Or RNA replication can occur which turns it into another RNA molecule

Question 17

Why is our genetic material made of DNA and not RNA

Answer 17

RNA lacks stability and the hydroxyl group of RNA is very reactive

DNA is in a double helix which is very stable

Question 18

Special structure that can form in a single stranded nucleic acid

Question 19

Ribozymes

Answer 19

RNA with enzymatic activity

RNA can be both genetic material as while as catalyze enzymatic reactions