Lec 17 - BK Prosthetic Limbs Flashcards

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1
Q

Prosthesis

A

An artificial device to replace or augment a missing or impaired part of the body.
Purpose could be to recover loss functionality, enhancement, or cosmetic

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2
Q

Lower-extremity limb prostheses

A

Prostheses for hip, leg, or foot
Trans-tibial prostheses: below-knee (BK) artificial leg

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3
Q

Causes of BK amputations

A

Congenital limb deficiency
Diabetic complications (81%)
Cardiovascular disease (6%)
Cancer (3%)
Trauma

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4
Q

Countries affected by war, Landmines in 2003

A

Est. 110 anti-personnel devices in ground, scattered over 70 countries
26,000 amputations per year

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5
Q

Parts of BK prosthetic limb

A

Socket, socket adaptor, tube clamp adaptor, pipe, endoskeletal finish, ankle, foot

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6
Q

Layered carbon fire composition

A

Flexibility enables storage of energy during loading and gradual release of energy during forward progression
Design of carbon fiber heel and forefoot for better walking gait and less effort

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7
Q

Aluminum composition

A

Lightweight, strong, durable
Socket adapter acts as anchor for lamination of socket
Tube clamp adapter attaches to pipe, adjusted (cut) for length and angle

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8
Q

Improvements using nanointermediates

A

Carbon fiver composite applications using graphene or carbon nanotubes
Metal-matrix nanocomposites: greater strength and wear resistance

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9
Q

Nano in Socket Technology

A

Design of socket is critical for proper usage of prosthesis
3D can be used to fit socket to stump precisely

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10
Q

Osseointegration

A

Implants directly to the bone
Pro: no socket
Con: higher chance of infection and bone fractures

Nanosurface modification can enhance anchoring

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11
Q

Bio-electrical interfaces for neural networking

A

Ability to control prosthetics interpreted neural signals from brain
implant options: brain, spinal cord, nerves

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12
Q

Tactile-sensing skin

A

Carbon nanotube films from capacitor arrays - change capacitance depending on applied strain or pressure

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13
Q

Artificial muscle

A

Spun nano-yarns that contract similarly to biological muscle

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14
Q

Considerations

A

cost of nano-enabled prostheses
disposal of nano-enabled prostheses

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15
Q

Replacement vs. enhancement

A

Athletic performance => unfair advantage
Use in violence => used as a weapon
Human vs. machine => definition

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