Lec #11: Gender, class, ethnicity and racism

Question 1

What is gender? How is it different from sex?

Answer 1

• Gender: culturally and socially constructed difference of roles and relationships b/w men and woman that varies greatly b/w cultures
• sex: the observable physical differences b/w male and female, especially biological differences related to human reproduction

Question 2

what structural factors do anthropologists use to explain the patterns of inequality in human society? ( Hint: there is 9 of them)

Answer 2

○ Gender and sexism
	○ Patriarchy
	○ Class
	○ Caste
	○ Race
	○ Ethnicity
	○ Nationalism 
	○ Colonialism
	○ Capitalism.

Question 3

what are the differences b/w gender roles and gender ideologies?

Answer 3

• gender roles: the expectations that each culture has of the roles of men and women
• Gender ideologies: the prescriptions and sanctions for what are considered appropriate for females or males

Question 4

what is intersectionality theory?

Answer 4

multiple social categories (race, gender, religion) intersect at the micro level of individual experiences to reflect multiple interlocking systems of privilege and oppression

Question 5

what is the vertical mosaic, what are the 3 groups and who created it?

Answer 5

• john porter created it
• its about the relationship between ethnicity and social class

1. charter groups (british and jewish people): they occupy the highest positions of power in the social, economic and political realms
2. entrance groups ( later immigrants w/ lower paying jobs): were subjected to assimilation by the charter groups
3. Blocked social mobility: upward mobility of ethnic groups depended on the culture of the ethnic group in question

Question 6

what is the new colour vertical mosaic? and who was effected?

Answer 6

• the vertical mosaic turned into a radicalized form
• women, indigenous ppls, central and south americans, the into-chinese and the koreans had the lowest income
• visible minorities were often denied jobs