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Neuro Unit 2 > Lec 10 Vestibular > Flashcards

Lec 10 Vestibular Flashcards

1
Q

Otolith organs respond to ____ movements

A

linear acceleration

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2
Q

Semicircular Canals respond to ____ movements

A

rotational accelerations

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3
Q

Utricle = what plane?

A

horizontal (L/R)

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4
Q

Saccula = what plane?

A

Vertical (up/down)

Sagittal (front/back)

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5
Q

Anatomy of the otolith organs

A

Macula = sensory epithelium.
Hair cells on macula.
Otolithic membrane (gelatinous layer) = on top of hair cells.
Otoconia (crystals) = in membrane.

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6
Q

Purpose of Otoconia?

A

Adds weight to membrane; when head moves, creates a shearing motion btwn membrane & macula.

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7
Q

Ampulla - located where? Cell types?

A

base of each of the 3 canals.

crista (supporting cells) + hair cells.

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8
Q

Capula - what is it

A

bundle of hair cells in ampulla projecting into gelatinous mass; surrounded by endolympth.

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9
Q

Capula moves in the ____ direction as head movement

A

opposite

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10
Q

When Hair Cells depolarize, they increase activity in CN __

A

8

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11
Q

Semicircular canal on ipsilateral side (to head turn): increase or decrease APs?

A

increase

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12
Q

Semicircular canal on contralateral side (to head turn): increase or decrease APs?

A

decrease

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13
Q

Distal processes of CN 8

A

invx semi canals & otolith

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14
Q

Central processes of CN 8

A

project to vestibular nuclei (in brainstem)

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15
Q

Vestibular Nuclei projects to… (4)

A

CN 3/4/6 (eye movement)
Spinal Cord
Thalamus
Cerebellum

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16
Q

Vestibular Nuclei project to CN 3/4/6 via ____

A

MLF

17
Q

Vestibulospinal purpose

A

postural adjustments

18
Q

VOR Pathway for head turning Left

A

Medial Vestibular Nucleus sends:

  1. Excitatory to Right Abducens (R lat rectus contracts)
  2. Inhibitory to Left Abducens (L lat rectus relax)
  3. Inhibitory to Right Oculomotor (R med rectus relax).

Right Abducens projects to Left Oculomotor (L med rectus contracts).

19
Q

Physiological Nystagmus

A

due to net difference in AP firing rates btwn R/L semicircular canals.
Slow movement = opposite to head movement.
Fast movement = towards direction of head.

20
Q

Pathological Nystagmus

A

due to unilateral damage.
CNS always thinks head moving to one direction.
Nodding eye movements w/o head motion.

21
Q

Cold water mimics head movement ____ irrigated ear (away from/towards)

A

away from

22
Q

Warm water mimics head movement ____ irrigated ear (away from/towards)

A

towards

23
Q

Eye movements with cold water

A

slow towards.

fast away.

24
Q

Eye movements with warm water

A

slow away.

fast towards.

Neuro Unit 2 (10 decks)

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