Lec 1 slides & reading

Question 1

Forms of life have been produced by ___ as Darwin calls it and are related to each other by a branching ___

Answer 1

descent with modification; genealogy

Question 2

describe an aspect of evolution that has practical importance

Answer 2

Many aspects of evolution have practical importance (pressing medical problems are posed by the rapid evolution of resistance by bacteria to antibiotics and of HIV to antiviral drugs)

Question 3

what is the theory of evolution

Answer 3

-the central unifying concept of bio

Question 4

core tenets of evolution

Answer 4

-living things change over time
-adaptations have arisen through natural selection

Question 5

important conclusions about evolution verified by scientific study

Answer 5

-organisms on earth have changed through time (evidence in fossils)
-changes are GRADUAL, not instantaneous
-lineages split by speciation, resulting in the generation of biodiversity
-all species have a common ancestor
-adaptations result from natural selection (leads to evolution of traits)

Question 6

speciation

Answer 6

describes process where 1 species splits into 2 and combines back together

Question 7

products of evolution

Answer 7

biodiversity and adaptation

Question 8

biodiversity

Answer 8

-the diversity of life on Earth
-the number and kinds of living organisms in a given area

Question 9

adaptation (state or process)

Answer 9

-any trait that makes an organism better able to survive or reproduce in a given environment
- the evolutionary process that leads to the origin and maintenance of such traits

Question 10

difference between the major areas of evolutionary study

Answer 10

-evolutionary history (patterns) and evolutionary mechanisms (processes)

Question 11

microevolution

Answer 11

-evolutionary patterns and processes observed WITHIN species
-within pop. but not above species level
-processes that gave rise to life

Question 12

macroevolution

Answer 12

-evolutionary patterns and processes AMONG species
-above species level
-provides VARIATION for species to evolve

Question 13

goals of evolutionary history

Answer 13

-determines the evolutionary relationship of organisms in terms of common ancestry
-identify and understand long-term patterns in evolution

Question 14

goals of evolutionary mechanisms

Answer 14

-determines the particular processes responsible for evolutionary change (natural selection)
-identifies the major forces of evolution

Question 15

consequences of evolving selfing (self fertilization)

Answer 15

-2 gametes are inherited from same parent–> increases homozygosity and reduces haploid gene flow
-increased homozygosity weaken mixing effects of recombination bc it takes place between highly similar chromosomes
-decreased population size