Learning Unit 2 Flashcards
Frame of Reference
Distinguish between attitude value and beliefs
Attitude- feelings, changing, pre existing attitude, know how we will react, direct+, intensity how strong
Value- influence how we act, core values dont change, non core change such as status
Beliefs- dictate behaviour, core and peripheral belief that change celebrity
Define perception
Process of experiencing the world and making sense of it through frame of reference, physically observe and interpret
Explain perpetual filters
Any distortion or limitation
Physiological- prevents from observing properly, eg tired
Psychological- presents from interpreting fully, eg dislike a person
Improving perceptual skills
Recognise perception is fallible- not the only one
Be objective- see from others views
Give benefit of doubt- may be in bad mood
Verify your perception- dont assume angry with you, get information and find out more
What is fram of reference
Unique window if the world, way you experience and interpret, influence everything, may not be accurate, impression of yourself affects, critique ourselves to fit in
Environment- experience different things- education
Gender- how culture views- women nurture, men CEO
Temperament- how we respond- angry
Parents- shadow their beliefs and values
Self concept vs self esteem
SC-what we think of ourselves, beliefs and what we like, physical aspects like personality and abilities
SE- attitude you have about yourself, how much you love yourself and your self worth, affects by self confidence, expression of peoples behaviour toward you, interpretation of peoples behaviour toward you
Explain self fulfilling prophecy
When expectations lead you to behave and produce expected response
Expectations- suck at speeches, everyone will be bored
Corresponding behaviour- nervous, speaking softly
Corresponding behaviour- no one can hear and get bored
Reinforcement of beliefs- still think you suck
Horn and halo
Halo- one positive trait leads to more, more influential if core trait, beautiful people always happy, over look their sadness
Horn- one negative trait leads to more, more influential if core trait, blame recovered drug addict for all missing money
Primary vs recency effect
Primary- first impression, influence attitude and behaviour to others, impression lasts when contradicted
Recency- last impression, last information you get, strongest effect on perception
First impression can be reinforced or reconfirmed by last impression
Attribution
Regarding something caused by a person/thing, helps us understand people, do not take context into consideration, double standards
Own negative behaviour to external circumstances- bad mood because bad day
Others negative traits to internal circumstances- you’re in.a bad mood because you a moody person
Lenient to friends- hangs up on you, someone must’ve annoyed her
Less lenient to people we dont like/know- stranger hung up, how rude
Successes to ourself- good feedback because I did so well
Our failures to external factors- boss tore my report, nothing is ever good enough
Stereotypes
Preconceived impression, strong factors that influence our perception Culture and race Gender Age Physical appearance Physical disability
Relational perception theory
focusses on interpersonal relationships and how communication affects it. Relationships constantly change due to our changing perceptions (opinions and feelings), behaviour and expectations
Direct perspective- interpret behaviour you have observed
Meta-perspective- try understand someone elses perspective you haven’t observed yourself
Health of relationships depend on accuracy of perception
If husband comes home late, angry because you had a surprise, he had to work for his boss, doesn’t understand why you angry, thinks you think he cheatrde, trust is broken
