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EPPP > Learning Theory > Flashcards

Learning Theory Flashcards

1
Q

Lewinsohn originally focused on which of the following treatments for depression?

A

-Increasing opportunities for reinforcement (e.g., activity levels)

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2
Q

Broadbent’s theory was supported by

A

dichotic listening task

bottleneck theory of attention

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3
Q

Tolman experiement on latent learning demonstrated

A

that reinforcement is important in the performance than the learning of a task

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4
Q

arbitrary inference

A

when one draws a conclusion without there being enough evicence

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5
Q

selective abstration

A

forming a conclusion based on an isolated detail of an event

fail a quiz will ruin entire grade

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6
Q

personalization

A

relate external events to yourself

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7
Q

In the reformulation of the learned helplessness model, Abramson, Metalsky, and Alloy

A

de-emphasized the role of attributions and emphasized the role of hopelessness

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8
Q

Functional Behavioral Assessment

A

learning the functions of behavior (conditions that control behavior)

  • identify more desirable behaviors
  • incorporates interviews, observations, and other data
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9
Q

Rational Emotive Behavior (what contributes to irrational beliefs)

A

people are biologically prone to the acquisition of irrational beliefs

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10
Q

what involves the gradual removal of prompts

A

fading

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11
Q

For Beck, automatic thoughts are

A

spontaneously triggered by specific circumstance and accompanied by an emotional reaction

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12
Q

effectiveness of systematic desensitization

A

extinction

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13
Q

effects of vicarious learning (Bandura)

A

acquisition of new response

inhibition or disinhibition of an existing response

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14
Q

recently learned information interferes with recalling previously learned info

A

retroactive interference

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15
Q

prior learning interferes with learning new information

A

proactive interference

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16
Q

taking something away to decrease a behaivor

Making customers pay to decrease usage of X

A

response cost-type of negative punishment

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17
Q

Premak Principle and potential probs

A

a reinforcement technique in which you reinforce a low frequency behavior with a high frequency behavior (watch tv after homework)

-problem is that the high frequency behavior may not be available and reinforcement is most effective when it immediately follows

18
Q

Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) effect refers to what

A

the tendency to erroneously recall a word from a list that contains semantically related words (e.g., string, sewing and recall needle)

19
Q

effect that occurs when the original memory of an event is altered by subsequent exposure to misleading information about that event

A

Loftus mininformation effect

20
Q

false memory induction procedure

A

creates false memories by repeatedly asking subjects about events they never experienced

21
Q

Rehm’s self control theory of depression

A

assumes depression is related to six deficits in self-control
Overall-too much focus on negative events

  • selective monitoring of negative events
  • selective monitoring of immediate vs. delayed consequences of behavior
  • stringent self evaluative criteria
  • inaccurate attributions of responsibility
  • insufficient self reward
  • excessive self punishment
22
Q

goal of Self Instructional training for children with hyperactivity

A

insert a thought between a stimulus and a response

23
Q

Craik and Lockart and levels of processing

A

proposed that the semantic level is the deepest level of processing and has the best recall (elabortive rehaearsal)

24
Q

Time out is a

A

negative punishment (taking something away to decrease the behavior)

25
Q

shoulds, musts, and oughts are associated with what type of therapy

A

REBT

26
Q

According to Beck, automatic thoughts are

A

automatic or reflexive and have an interpretative component (this is awful)

27
Q

Baddeley and Hitch’s multi component of working memory includes

A

phonological loop
visuo spatial sketchpad
central executive

28
Q

Becks negative cog triad

A

neg thoughts about self
the future
the world

29
Q

interval schedules are based on ____

A

fixed periods of time

30
Q

ratio schedules are based on______

A

fixed number of responses

31
Q

reinforcement vs. punishment

A

behavior increases vs. decreases

32
Q

positive vs. negative

A

stimulus is applied vs. taken away

33
Q

Tolman and latent learning emphaized

A

learning can occur without reinforcement

34
Q

Kohler and learning

A

chimp study-emphasized that learning can be the result of insight-internal cognitive restructuring of the environment

35
Q

Bandura and results of experiment

A

investigated observational learning and aggressiveness

  • boys were more likely to imitate a male model and girls a female model
  • boys and girls similarly imitated verbal aggressiveness; but, boys were more likely than girls to imitate physical aggressiveness
  • providing incentive reduced discrepancy
36
Q

Bandura proposed that learning has 4 processes

A

attentional
retention
production
motivation

37
Q

what characteristic influence modeling

A

high status
prestige
similarity (age & gender)
behavior is salient, visible, and relevant

guided participating-modeling is most effective

38
Q

reciprocal determinism

A

Bandura
predicts a reciprocal relationship between a person’s environment, overt behaviors, cognitive, affective, and other personal characteristics

39
Q

Ellis and REBT

A

emotions and behaviors are the result of a chain of events (ABC)
-response is attributed to beliefs about event (irrational)

40
Q

irrational beliefs-Ellis

A

result of biological tendencies that include negativism, moodiness, and excitement seeking

41
Q

REBT uses what interventiosn

A 
modeling
behavior rehearsal
prob solving
invivo desens
rational emotive imagery
homework
42
Q

Beck

A

targets cognitive schemas, automatic thoughts, cognitive distortions
relies on collaborative empiricism
Socratic questioning

EPPP (11 decks)

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