Learning THEORIST

Question 1

He developed the Theory on Operant
Conditioning, a method of providing learners with behavior prompts and rewarding desired actions.

Answer 1

B.F Skinner

Question 2

His programmed learning involved chunking down segments of content with embedded feedback, establishing clearly defined learning objectives, cutting back on irrelevant stimuli to reduce cognitive load, and allowing learners to process and sequentially build knowledge within a ‘hierarchy of content’.

Answer 2

B.F Skinner

Question 3

He proposed a taxonomy that ranked different modes of learning according to thinking skills.
The taxonomy is represented as a hierarchy of skills arranged from lower to highest order cognitive skills.

Answer 3

Benjamin Bloom

Question 4

Within the three (cognitive, psychomotor, affective learning domains), learning goals are ranked in order of complexity from comprehension to evaluation.

Answer 4

Benjamin Bloom

Question 5

According to him, teacher-centered environments (traditional classroom
environments where the learner is dependent on a teacher’s instruction) pose threats to selfhood and compromise learning, where ‘students become passive, apathetic and bored.’

Answer 5

Carl Rogers

Question 6

Father of Humanistic Psychology

Answer 6

Carl Rogers

Question 7

He argues that students should take directing roles in their own learning, while teachers/instructors take facilitating roles.

Answer 7

Carl Rogers

Question 8

He developed the Learning Style Inventory.

Answer 8

David Kolb

Question 9

He outlined two dimensions of learning that represent the two hemispheres of the brain: perception and processing.

Answer 9

DAVID KOLB

Question 10

He pioneered what we understand to be Sensory Stimulation Theory.

Answer 10

DUGAN LAIRD

Question 11

He posits that learning occurs when the five senses of sight, hearing, touch, smell and taste are activated.

Answer 11

Dugan Laird

Question 12

He demonstrated the potential impact of social experiences across a lifetime, and their power to shape our identity.

Answer 12

Erik Erikson

Question 13

He maintains that it is nurture rather than nature that truly shapes who we are

Answer 13

Erik Erikson

Question 14

He outlined eight maturation stages from birth to death, not only focusing on cognitive potential, but also ego identity formation, emotional development, value development, and the impact of social environments.

Answer 14

Erik Erikson

Question 15

He challenged traditional definitions of intelligence and revolutionized the way educators thought about individualizing learning.

Answer 15

Howard Gardner

Question 16

He developed the ‘Frames of Mind’ model on Multiple Intelligences.

Answer 16

Howard Gardner

Question 17

He maintained that every learner had a unique blend of intelligences rather than pigeon-holing learners into single categories.

Answer 17

Howard Gardner

Question 18

He is famous for his developmental learning theory that outlines the four stages of cognitive development.

Answer 18

Jean Piaget

Question 19

He theorized that learners process information by assimilating new knowledge into existing schemas

Answer 19

Jean Piaget

Question 20

He claimed that knowledge acquisition could take place independently with the correct support structures in place.

Answer 20

Jerome Bruner

Question 21

While students may initially rely on a high degree of support to reach their ZDP, he proposes that these support structures are gradually removed over time (similar to temporary construction scaffolding), in order to foster greater independence in learners.

Answer 21

Jerome Bruner

Question 22

He proposed the Framework for Assertive Discipline. He asserts that discipline is based on a foundation of trusting teacher-student relationships and clear communication.

Answer 22

Lee Canter

Question 23

Teachers should actively engage students in the formation of behavior guidelines in the classroom (in terms of rules, rewards and consequences. It is also important to discuss the underlying reasons for such expectations, which tie back to protecting all students’ rights to learn and a teacher’s ability to teach.

Answer 23

Lee Canter

Question 24

According to him, in order to maximize knowledge acquisition, educators should pitch content according to the learners’ Zone of Proximal Development.

Answer 24

Lev Vygotsky

Question 25

He argued that it is only by providing support that independent learning can be fostered.

Answer 25

Lev Vygotsky

Question 26

His Social Constructivist Theory defines learning as not just a process of constructing new knowledge on a foundation of pre-existing understandings, but as a process that takes place through social interactions

Answer 26

Lev Vygotsky

Question 27

He expanded upon Blooms’s three learning domains to include: intellectual skills, cognitive strategy, verbal information, motor skills, and attitude.

Answer 27

Robert Gagne

Question 28

He proposed the four reasons why a child might misbehave include seeking attention, exercising control, exacting revenge, or displaying feelings of inadequacy.

Answer 28

Rudolf Dreikurs

Question 29

He provided needs-based explanations for student behaviors, with the underlying tenet that all behaviors are driven by an intrinsic desire to belong.

Answer 29

Rudolf Dreakurs

Question 30

His theories on ‘democratic discipline’ particularly influenced the positive discipline movement.

Answer 30

Rudolf Dreikurs