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Psychology > Learning Theories > Flashcards

Learning Theories Flashcards

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1
Q

CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
Neutral stimulus

A

Stimulus that does not naturally produce a behavioural response

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2
Q

CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
Unconditioned stimulus

A

Stimulus produces a natural,unlearned behaviour response

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3
Q

CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
Unconditioned response

A

Response that naturally occurs without learning

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4
Q

CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
Conditioned stimulus

A

Stimulus associated with a ucs so produces same response as ucs

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5
Q

CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
Conditioned response

A

A learned behaviour that is shown in a response to a learned stimulus

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6
Q

CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
Extinction

A

Removal of a behaviour

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7
Q

CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
Spontaneous recovery

A

After extinction, behaviour quickly becomes learned

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8
Q

CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
Generalisation

A

Conditioned stimulus produces same behaviour to similar stimulus after response has been conditioned

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9
Q

OPERANT CONDITIONING
Positive reinforcement

A

Rewards desired behaviour by adding something pleasant

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10
Q

OPERANT CONDITIONING
Negative reinforcement

A

Rewards the desired behaviour by removing something unpleasant

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11
Q

OPERANT CONDITIONING
Reinforcer

A

More likely behaviour will be repeated

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12
Q

OPERANT CONDITIONING
Punishment

A

Less likely behaviour will be repeated

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13
Q

OPERANT CONDITIONING
Successive approximation

A

Behaviour shaping, rewarding behaviour as it gets closer and closer to desired response

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14
Q

OPERANT CONDITIONING
Primary reinforcer

A

Reward at a basic level: food,water shelter

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15
Q

OPERANT CONDITIONING
Secondary reinforcer

A

Money

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16
Q

OPERANT CONDITIONING
Token economy

A

Treatment method that provides secondary reinforcement for a desirable behaviour that can be saved up or exchanged for a primary reinforcer

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17
Q

OPERANT CONDITIONING
Continuous reinforcement

A

When behaviour is reinforced every time

18
Q

OPERANT CONDITIONING
Fixed ratio

A

Reinforcement given after certain number of responses

19
Q

OPERANT CONDITIONING
Variable ratio

A

Reinforcement given after varying number of responses

20
Q

OPERANT CONDITIONING
Fixed interval

A

Reinforcement given after varying number of responses

21
Q

OPERANT CONDITIONING
Variable interval

A

Reinforcement given after varying time intervals

22
Q

SOCIAL LEARNING THEORIES
Imitation

A

Observing a behaviour and copying it

23
Q

SOCIAL LEARNING THEORIES
Identification

A

Only imitate role models

24
Q

SOCIAL LEARNING THEORIES
Modelling

A

Imitation is modelling the behaviour

25
Q

SOCIAL LEARNING THEORIE
Vicarious reinforcement

A

If observer sees model being rewarded behaviour is more likely to repeat

26
Q

SOCIAL LEARNING THEORIES
1) attention

A

Behaviour needs to grab our attention

27
Q

SOCIAL LEARNING THEORIES
2) retention

A

Memory of behaviour is formed to be performed later

28
Q

SOCIAL LEARNING THEORIES
3) reproduction

A

We need to physically be able to repeat the behaviour

29
Q

SOCIAL LEARNING THEORIES
4) motivation

A

Observer considers reward and punishment that follow a behaviour

30
Q

SOCIAL LEARNING THEORIES
Self efficacy

A

Seeing how well u do at a behaviour

31
Q

SOCIAL LEARNING THEORIES
Vicarious learning

A

Learning thru someone getting rewarded for a behaviour

32
Q

ACQUISITION OF PHOBIAS
Classical conditioning

A

Phobia is created if associated with fearful or unpleasant experience

33
Q

ACQUISITION OF PHOBIAS
Operant conditioning

A

Phobia is created by experiencing a positive punishment

34
Q

ACQUISITION OF PHOBIAS
Social learning theory

A

Phobia is created by learning thru observation and imitation of role models

35
Q

SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS
In vitro

A

Client imagines exposure to phobic stimulus

36
Q

SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS
In Vivo

A

Client is actually exposed to the phobic stimulus

37
Q

SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS
Order

A

1) patient taught relaxation techniques - based on reciprocal inhibition

2) functional analysis - questioning to determine key triggers

3) patient creates a fear hierarchy

4) patient works thru fear hierarchy

38
Q

EXPOSURE THERAPY
What process?

A

In vivo

39
Q

EXPOSURE THERAPY
What is Pavlovian extinction?

A

Body enters alarm stage
Phobia sufferer finds they are no longer panicked in presence of fearful object
Alarm phase ends and object is now paired with lack of emotion

40
Q

IMPLOSION THERAPY
What process?

A

In vitro

41
Q

IMPLOSION THERAPY
What phobia is it used to treat?

A

More complex like social

42
Q

IMPLOSION THERAPY
How does it work l?

A

Patient asked to use imagine or is shown images/videos to treat complex phobias

Psychology (12 decks)

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