Learning perspective

Question 1

Axioms and assumptions of the Learning perspective

Answer 1

Experiences Change us
aquired skilles And features play a great rule in the adaptation process
importance of the Actual situation
Personality would be the result of a learning precedure

Question 2

Pavlovian conditioning

Answer 2

Associating one stimulus to another based on temporal contiguity after repetition. first stimulus becomes thne functional equivalent of the second. evokes similair changes or responses as the second. = conditioning

Question 3

Rescorla

Answer 3

new theory on this: more than just simple association. ‘CR are anticipatory reactions or preparations fron an impending US.

Question 4

Generalizqation

Answer 4

in new situations you will look for similarities and choose behaviour accordingly

Question 5

higher order conditioning

Answer 5

Well developed CS CR can serve as an US UR pair for another conditioning

Question 6

Discrimination:

Answer 6

Between two simlair stimuli.

Question 7

Extinction:

Answer 7

CS comes without US. cR becomes weaker.

Question 8

Reconditions

Answer 8

Quicker than original

Question 9

The law of effect in Instrumental conditioning

Answer 9

If a given behaviour gets reinforced its frequency incrieses in future situations. Personality is a conceptualisation of habits.

Question 10

Fixed ratio EG

Answer 10

Always after the 5th

Question 11

Variable ratio

Answer 11

Randomly after amount

Question 12

Fixed interval

Answer 12

Time: after 20 sec

Question 13

Variable interval

Answer 13

randomly after amount of time

Question 14

behavioural therapy works best for ..

Answer 14

Irrational fears and phobia’s.

Question 15

Systematic desensitization

Answer 15

relaxing and systematic accomodation to the stimulus.

Question 16

problems and prospects of learning perspective

Answer 16

pros: very testable, therapy is effective
cons: to mechanistic, nothieg about internal subjective processes.

Question 17

Social cognitive learning theories

Answer 17

claim that Humans Are SOCIAL animals: we also learn by watching other people. And We TEST mentally other possibly and their outcomes before choosing behaviour

Question 18

Self reinforcment

Answer 18

awarding yourself; disproving or approving your behaviour

Question 19

Vicarious intrumental

Answer 19

see someone doing then getting rewarded, my behavioural tendency will increase.

Question 20

ROTTER

Answer 20

Locus of control expectancy. when having the same experience people can have different conclusions

Question 21

Internal LOC

Answer 21

see a causal connection between behaviour and outcome

Question 22

External LOC

Answer 22

dont assume control over situations even if they have it. DECREASE expectancy when positivly reinforced

Question 23

Efficacy expectancies

Answer 23

BANDURA: people know what is best but they dont DO it. e.g. not being confident that they can do it

Question 24

4 musts for observational learning

Answer 24

Paying attention
understandin
memory must be able to do it
body must be able to do it