Intro and classic psychoanalysis Flashcards
Defense Mechanisms
Repression Denial Projection Rationalize intellectualisation reaction formation regression displacement sublimination
personality is
a system that consists of different parts, distinguishable from others, works as a whole.
2 aspects of self
Me:
self as the subject of observation; infividual set of characteristics
I:active agent, observer and do’er
2 parts of superego according to classic physchoanalysis
ego ideal: values and rules for good behaviour
conscious: prohibition and punishment
Phases and years according to classic psychoanalysis
Oral: 0 - 18 m - oral incorparative 0-6 - oral sadistic 7-18 Anal: 18 - 36 m Fallic :36 m - 6 jaar Latency: 6- 12 Genital: later adolescence
Anal triad
anal fixation: stinginess, obstinacy, orderliness
cathexis
investing energy in an activity or an image to satisfy the id’s needs = method of drive reduction used by the id
catharsis
feelings and moments when tension and repression gets released
Displacement vs Sublimination
Displacement:
the shifting of blocked energy to another object
Sublimination:
The shift from unacceptable to acceptable ways. this is a !subcategory! of displacent!
6 problems of classic psychoanalysis
1) psychosexuality is overemphasized
2) Relies on several case-studies of
3) young hysterical women
4) Hard to test scientifically
5) Concepts are hard to research
6) more philosophical than psychological
sshtrphy
Difference between Jung and Freud
Jung included spirituality, less emphasis on sexuality. Sexuality is not the only important source of energy.
Libido is broader according to Jung (like curiosity and positivity)
according to analytical psychology by Jung unconscious has different parts
unconscious has two parts,
Personal
Collective, much more important. contains cultural and racial experiences
What are Archetypes
innate, universal prototypes for ideas and may be used to interpret observations. A group of memories and interpretations associated with an archetype is a complex
5 most important archetypes
De Persona: what you show o the world, roles and protective masks.
De Schaduw: the opposite of the ego image: we won’t accept (dark part)
De Anima/De Animus; inner image iiof opposite sex (vrouwelijk deel van de psyche): dit is bij beide geslachten aanwezig, maar vormt voor mannen de onbewuste tegenpool;
(mannelijk deel van de psyche): dit is bij beide geslachten aanwezig, maar vormt bij vrouwen de onbewuste tegenpool; Het Zelf: inner personality; geïndividueerd persoon, totale persoonlijkheid.
Anxiety
Is an aversive state: warning signal for the ego that there is a threat present
Types of anxiety
Reality anxiety: real threat
Neurotic anxiety; unconscious fear from ID gets unleashed (ego loses control), we are not aware
Moral anxiety: arises when moral codes are ciolated, guilt and shame.
last two are impossible to differentiate.
ways of solving anxiety
Problem oriented coping: solvnig shit
Defense Mechanisms: as a mean to solve anxiety. just cures the symptoms
9 DM’s
Repression Denial Projection Rationalization Intellectualization Reaction Formation Regression Displacement Sublimation SuDeReIn, RaReProDiRe
Repression
MOST IMPORTANT; hides the threat. in the adaptive form it is SUPPRESSION.;conscious process
Denial
tries to not believe the threat. Distortion of reality
Projection
unacceptable impules and desires are prescribed to another person. distortion of reality is the price. *(incorporates blame shifting)
Rationalization
action or behaviour motivated by unacceptable reason gets a rational explanation. Helps to maintain self-esteem: very common.
Intellectualization
Dealing with threaths in a cold analyzing way; thought becomes dissassociated with feeling
Reaction Formation
Overcompensation: stressing +expressing the opposite of an unaccepatable feeling
Regression
demanding stresssituation: choosing infant methods. (smoking/eating/crying)
Displacement
shifting the impuld to another less threatening object
Sublimation
an expression of anxiety in socially acceptable ways.
humour is used to
its a way of dealing with problems: often reflect hostility/ inhibitated thoughts.
Humour styles
Self enhancing
Affiliative: with your close friends
Agressie: tease about mistakes
Self defeating humour: selfsacrifice
7 ways of exposure of unconscious
1 Psychopathology of everyday life 2 dreams 3 Humour 4 Projective tasks 5 Free association 6 psychophysiology 7 Therapeutic realtionship
Pennebaker
If you write about your stressful events you have more stress in the short term but it has health benefits in the long run (immunesystem). only worked when making people write about thoughts AND feelings
