Learning objectives 3

Question 1

In a paragraph, contrast the monomers and polymers for proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids. Describe the general structures and biological functions of each type of macromolecule.

Question 2

In a paragraph, illustrate and give an example of the role of a dehydration synthesis reaction and a hydrolysis reaction in forming and breaking down polymers

Question 3

In a paragraph, describe the four levels of protein structure.

Answer 3

Primary structure: the sequence of amino acids that make up a polypeptide chain.
Secondary structure: alpha helix or beta-pleated sheet shapes maintained by hydrogen bonds between amino acids in different regions of the chain.
Tertiary structure: the result of further folding and bonding of the secondary structure.
Quaternary structure: interactions between two or more tertiary subunits.

Question 4

In a paragraph, describe the role of enzymes and how they affect the rate of chemical reactions

Question 5

In a paragraph, describe the important role of ATP synthesis and decomposition in cellular functions.