Learning & Memory Flashcards
1
Q
Short-term Memory
A
- Holds about 5-9 chunks
- Lasts for a very short period of time
< 1 min - Associated with Prefrontal Cortex
2
Q
Long-term Memory
A
- Encoding: attention & multi-sensory
- Consolidation: linked to existing memories
- Storage: retained in neuronal circuits
- Retrieval: malleable & constructive
3
Q
Explicit/Declarative Memory
A
- Episodic: autobiographical experience
- Semantic: facts
Hippocampal dependent
4
Q
Implicit/Non-Declarative Memory
A
- Procedural: learned skills
- Emotional conditioning
5
Q
Anterograde Amnesia
A
Inability to form new memories after onset of disorder
- HM & Dory
6
Q
Retrograde Amnesia
A
Loss of memories formed before trauma
7
Q
Hippocampus
A
- Located in medial temporal lobe
- Crucial for memory formation
- Location for memory consolidation
8
Q
Spatial Memory
A
Dependent on Hippocampus
9
Q
Place cells
A
- Located in hippocampus
- Only fire in specified location in current context
- Most complex
10
Q
Grid Cells
A
- Located in entorhinal cortex
- Fire when crossing intersection points in checkerboard pattern
11
Q
Border Cells
A
- Located in entorhinal cortex
- Fire when arriving at perimeter or edge
12
Q
Hippocampal Replay
A
- Place cell sequence fired in sequential order in hippocampus
- Original sequence when task preserved but sped up
- Memory consolidation in sleep
- Interference disrupts memory itself
13
Q
Operant conditioning
A
Form of associative learning
(Non-declarative memory)
Positive & Negative Reinforcement
14
Q
Classical conditioning
A
Form of associative learning
(Non-declarative memory)
Initially neutral stimulus comes to predict an event
Amygdala
15
Q
Fear conditioning
A
Classical Conditioning
- Mouse associates audible tone with shock
Hippocampus required
- represents time delay
- Amygdala
