Learning Intention 12 Flashcards
To know how to describe the body's three lines of defense to protect against pathogens
1
Q
What are the lines of defence
A
- barrier defenses (physical and chemical barriers)
- non-specific defense
- specific internal defence
2
Q
Examples of physical lines of defense
A
- skin
- cilia
- endothelia
3
Q
Examples of chemical barriers of defense
A
- hydrochloric acid
- enzymes in tears and saliva
- mucus
4
Q
Examples of non-specific defense
A
- phagocytes
- neutrophils
- macrophages
- inflammation
4
Q
Examples of specific internal defense
A
- lymphocytes (T and B cells)
5
Q
What are phagocytes
A
a type of white blood cells that digests any pathogens that enter the body
6
Q
What are neutrophils
A
white blood cells that fight infection
6
Q
What are macrophages
A
a large white blood cells that eat pathogens, dead cells and debris
6
Q
What is inflammation
A
the body’s natural response to injuries or infections
7
Q
Signs of inflammation
A
- redness
-swelling - pain
- heat
8
Q
What are B cells
A
lymphocytes that produce antibodies that lock into pathogens to immobilise them, for phagocytes to then detroy them
9
Q
What are T cells
A
lymphocytes that burst open infected and abnormal body cells by ‘docking’ with antigens
