Learning And Memory Flashcards
Why are invertebrates useful as model systems?
- Simple nervous systems
- Large neuronal somata
- Can link physiology to whole-animal behaviour
What did Kandel do?
Pioneered Aplysia as a model system for studying mechanisms of learning and memory
What was Aplysia used to demonstrate?
Habituation and sensitisation, through gill-withdrawal reflex
What did Kandel et al discover from Aplysia?
- Habituation
- Sensitisation
- Associative learning
What is the definition of habituation?
Habituation is defined as the decrease in a behavioural response that occurs during repeated presentation of a stimulus
What is the definition of sensitisation?
Sensitisation is defined as the enhancement of a reflex response by the introduction of a strong or noxious stimulus
What causes sensitisation and habituation in Aplysia?
The activation or inhibition of adenylyl cyclase by G-proteins. Adenylyl cyclase catalyses the formation of cAMP from ATP
How does cAMP exert an effect in cells?
- Via protein kinase a
- By direct activation of ion channels
- By affecting gene expression
How does protein kinase a activation exert an effect in cells?
cAMP activates protein kinase A, which phosphorylates substrates with respect to protein dispersal
How does cAMP effect gene expression?
cAMP is a key feature of the CREB (cAMP-responsive element binding protein) cycle
What is another word for classical conditioning?
Associative learning
Who pioneered the use of Drosophila in learning and memory studies?
Benzer
