Leadership & Group decision making

Question 1

Who proposed trait theories of leadership and validity?

Answer 1

Thomas Carlyle & Francis Galton = mixed results but self-confidence regularly observed

Question 2

5 Factors model and leadership: which traits correlate to leadership, cite 1 study

Answer 2

Judge et al 2002 meta analysis => extraversion strongest trait, then conscientiousness, openness, low neuroticism but NOT agreeablenness

Question 3

What are the three leadership styles identified and by who, and outcome of each/which one is the best

Answer 3

Kurt Lewin 1939 identified:

DEMOCRATIC LEADERSHIP : overall best one, people were less productive but of higher quality

AUTHORITARIAN LEADERSHIP = leader in control of everything

LAISSEZ FAIRE LEADERSHIP = leader not involved at all

Question 4

Leadership in groups cite a study and outcome

Answer 4

Maier & solem 1952 = a man bought a horse pblem = 45 % found response alone vs 72 % with passive leaser vs 84 % with active leader

Question 5

The wisdom of crowds study for and study against

Answer 5

Treynor 1987 jellybeans jar guessing vs Sunstein 2006 does not always work

Question 6

What is groupthink and reasons for it + who did the main study

Answer 6

groups making poor decisions together, reasons:

• group too cohesive want to get along too much
• decision makers isolated or too controlling

Question 7

What is group polarisation

Answer 7

exaggerating the leaning tendency of the group - zhu 2014