LEADERSHIP (1) Flashcards
Where does position and personal power derived from?
Position - top management
Personal - Followers
Sources of power
- Legal/Legitimate
- Reward
- Coercion/Punishment
- Connection
- Information/Resources
- Expert
- Referent (charisma)
*No one has all the powers
*Legitimate, Reward, Coercion are a form of position power
*Referent is a form of personal power
How to increase the powers?
Legitimate - Consultation influencing tactic
Reward - Exchange influencing tactic
Coercion - Pressure tactic
Connection - Coalition influencing tactic
Information - Rational persuation & Inspiration tactic
Expert - Rational persuasion with knowledge
Referent - Personal or Inspirational appeals
What does Social exchange theory explains?
How power is gained and lost as reciprocal influence process (Social interaction is an exchange of benefits or favours)
4 major functions perform by managers
> Planning
Organising
Leading
Controlling
What is the role of influence ?
Is the process of a leader communicating ideas, gaining acceptance of them, and motivating followers to support and implement the ideas through change
Leadership Managerial Roles (Interpersonal)
• Figurehead
Represents the organization or dept in legal, social, ceremonial, or symbolic activities
> Sign official docs, entertain clients/official visitors, speaking engagements, presiding at meetings and ceremonies
• Leader
> Hiring and training, gives instructions and coaching, evaluate performances
• Liaison
Involves interacting with people outside the organization unit
> Networking, developing r/s, gaining information and favours, serving on committees, attending professional meetings, keeping in touch w other people and org
Leadership Managerial Roles (Informational Role)
• Monitor
Involves gathering information and then analysing information to discover problems and opportunities
> Reading memos, reports and publications, talking to others, attending meetings, observing competitors
• Disseminator
Passes information to others via oral means or written media (email)
• Spokesperson
Provides information to people outside the organization unit
> Meeting with upper mgmt, meeting with budget officer, answering letters, reporting info to government
Leadership Managerial Roles (Decisional)
• Entrepreneur
Are innovative initiators of both organisational change and unit improvement
> Develop new or improved products and services, new process, purchasing new equipment
• Disturbance Handler
> Takes corrective action during crises or conflict, a role given priority by leaders
• Resource Allocation
Involves scheduling, requesting authorisation and performing budget activities
> Deciding what is done now or later
> Setting priorities and time mgmt
> Allocating raises, bonuses, overtime
> Scheduling employees, equipment and material use
• Negotiators
Represent their organization units in transactions that have no set boundaries
> Contracting with customers or suppliers, Setting pay and benefits for a new professional employee or manager, Reaching agreement on a labor union contract
Level of Analysis of Leadership Theory
- Individual “dyadic process”
> focuses on individual leader r/s with individual followers
> dyadic is the reciprocal influence that leaders and followers have on each other - Group “group process”
> focuses on individual leader r/s with collective group of followers - Organization “organization process”
> focuses on how top management influences organization performance
*if individual performance is low, G&O low
*if G low, O will be low
*if G&O low, individual will be low
Leadership Managerial Roles
Interpersonal
• Figurehead
• Leader
• Liason
Informational
• Monitor
• Disseminator
• Spokesperson
Decisional
• Entrepreneur
• Disturbance-Handler
• Resource allocator
• Negotiator
