Contingency Theories (5)

Question 1

Contingency Leadership Theories

Answer 1

Attempt to explain the appropriate leadership style based on leader, followers, and situation

Leaders are made

Question 2

Contingency Leadership Variables

Answer 2

Followers
> Capability
> Motivation

Leader
> Personality traits
> Behavior
> Experience

Situation
> Task
> Structure
> Environment

Question 3

Contingency Leadership Model

Answer 3

Focuses on maximizing group performance by matching leadership style with situational contingences

Is used to determine if
- A person’s leadership style is task or relationship oriented
- The situation matches the leader’s style

Question 4

Situational Favorableness

Answer 4

Refers to the degree the situation enables the leader to exert influence over the followers (The more control, the more favorable the situation)

Question 5

Situational Favorableness Variables

Answer 5

Leader-members relations (most important)

Task Structure (second)

Position power (third)

Question 6

House Path-Goal Leadership Model

Answer 6

Is used to select leadership styles
* Directive
* Supportive
* Participative
* Achievement-oriented
that is appropriate to the situation to maximize both performance and job satisfaction

Question 7

House Path-Goal Leadership Theory and Model

Answer 7

Attempts to explain how leader behavior influences performance and satisfaction of followers

Fits into framework of contingency leadership variables but does not have a leader trait and behavior variable

Leader is supposed to use the appropriate leadership style regardless of preferred traits and behavior

*See image

Question 8

House Path-Goal Leadership Theory and Model

Answer 8

Motivation is increased by:
> Clarifying the follower’s path to the rewards that are available

> Working with followers to identify and teach them behaviors which will lead to successful task accomplishment and org rewards

> Increasing the rewards that are valued and wanted by the followers

Question 9

House Path-Goal Leadership Model Situation Factors (Determine)

Answer 9

○ Subordinate
Authoritarianism (degree that employees wants to be told what to do)

Locus of control (internal or external)

Ability (job competencies)

Question 10

House Path-Goal Leadership Model Situation Factors (Determine)

Answer 10

○ Environment
Task structure (extent of repetitiveness of the job)

Formal authority (extent of the leader’s position power)

Work group (extend to which co-workers contribute to job satisfaction or the r/s between followers)

Question 11

House Path-Goal Leadership Model Situation Factors (Affect)

Answer 11

Leadership Styles
○ Directive
(leader provides high structure i.e Kindergarten)

○ Supportive
(leader provides high consideration, i.e University)

○ Participative
(leader includes employee input into decision making i.e Managers, Executive, Professionals)

○ Achievement-oriented
(leader provides both high structure [directive] and high consideration [supportive] behavior i.e Competitive sports)