LE Flashcards
Complaint of instability of the knee you should think what?
Chronic ACL damage
Complaint of painful locking of the knee you should think what?
Meniscus tear
What injury of the knee would result from hyperextension?
ACL tear or patellar dislocation
What injury of the knee would result from hyperflexion?
PCL tear and or associated ACL tear
What injury of the knee would result from sudden deceleration ?
ACL tear
What injury of the knee would result from a vagus force?
MCL
What injury of the knee would result from vagus force with rotation ?
ACL, MCL and menisci
What injury of the knee would result from a blow to the flexed knee?
Contusion, patellar Fx, PCL tear
Tests for ACL ?
Lachmans, Ant drawer, pivot shift
Meniscus tests?
Compression/distraction, mchmurrarys
What are the Ottawa knee rules?
Patient over 55, iso tenderness or the patella and fibular head, cant flex knee to 90, cant bear weight immediately or take 4 steps.
What fx is associated with a ACL tear?
Segonds fx
The ACL lines in what plane
10-15 degrees externally rotated to the sagittal plane
What is the name of the triad and what are the 3 things it involves when talking about the knee?
O’Donohues triad, ACL, MCL, medial meniscus.
What sign is associated with a PCL?
SAG sign
Segonds fx indicate a tear of the ACL what percent of the time?
75-100%
If you see a segonds fx what do you need to next?
Take an MRI
If someone says their knee gives away what do you think is wrong?
Meniscus tear
Meniscal tears appear how ?
Extending to the articular outside surfaces
What is another name for osgood schlatters?
Traction apophysitis
Is a osgood schlatters a clinical diagnosis or a radiograpic one?
CLINICAL FINDINGS**
A young patient comes in with insidious onset of anterior knee pain with a limp what are you thinking ?
Osteochondroma desicacans
What is the most common cause of an intra articular loose body?
Osteochondritis desiccans
Osteochondritis desiccans most commonly affects what parts?
Lateral portion of th medial femoral condyle
What kind of fractures cause leakage of blow nad marrow into the joint which causes what?
Intra-articular, FBI
What does a FBI sign indicate / /. /> ?
Lipohemarthrosis
What should the suprapatellar bursa measure?
5 mm or less
In older patients, calf pain should always suggest a possibitly of what?
DVT
What test best tells you if someone has a DVT?
Doppler ultrasound
How do you evaluate for vascular claudication ?
Walking for 10 min
Leg pain that occurs come waking and is revleived with rest the patient probably has what?
Claudication (vascular or neurogenic)
Neurogenic claudication is secondary to what?
Spinal stenosis
Patients with neurogenic claudication are more likely to be able to walk or ride a bike further before the onset of leg pain in a _________position.
Flexed
What is the most common cause of vascular claudication?
Atherosclerotic blockages
Rest gives relief from pain immediately in what lower leg complaint/
Intermittent claudication
Localized swelling in the leg is suggestive of what?
DVT
What test will help determine between vascular and neurogenic claudication ?
Bicycle test
What type of claudication usually effects the back, and rarely the butt. ?
Neurogenic claudication
Walking down hill? Up hill for neurogenic claudication.
Worse down, better up
What nerve is effected in Morton’s neuroma?
Plantar digital nerve
What type of compression my increase Morton’s neuroma pain?
Transverse
Where does entrapment occur most commonly in Morton’s?
Plantar surface by the intermetatrasal lig
What kind of sprains damage the deltoid lig?
Eversion
What are the Ottawa ankle rules/
Main in the malleolar region and either tenderness at either malleolus or cant bear weight
What problem is classically described and seen in ballet dancers?
Os trigonum, PAI
What type of salter tx is mc ?
Type 2 `
There is a sign associated with a salter fx what one is it associated with and what is it called?
Type 2, thirsten holland sign
What type of ankle injury will cause a lateral malleolar fx?
Inversion
What type of ankle injury will cause a medial malleolar fx?
Eversion
Boelers angle should what?
Not be less than 28 degrees
Where is kagers fat pad?
By the Achilles
A jones/dancer fracture is a result from what?
Plantar relaxation and inversion
What tendon is effected in a jones/dancers fx ?
Peroneus brevis
Is a jones/dancers fracture transverse or vertical ?
Transverse (vertical is normal)
If you think someone has chondrocalcinosis what is it like due from?
CPPD
