CHEST Flashcards
What is described as a gripping, squeezing or pressure type pain, substernal or precordial in location and my be exertionally related?
Angina
How long does angina last for ?
10-30 min
What helps relive angina?
Nitroglycerin
What is a pain described as crushing and may radiate into the medial left arm or jaw?
MI
Cardiac pain is essentially______pain?
Ischemic
What test should be done if someone has an esophageal problem ?
Barium
Angina typically follows what?
Exertion
If angina occurs at rest without provocation what is it called/
Unstable angina
What does diaphoresis mean?
Sweating
How long does a MI last for?
Longer than 30 min dog
Does nitro help Mi’s ?
No no no
What is the 2 main causes for MI?
Coronary thrombus or vasospasm
What are the causes of angina?
Atherosclerosis and possibly vasospasm
Who is Tietzes syndrome common in?
Females over 50
What part on their body is messsed up in tietze syndrome?
Second and third costochondral junctions
What causes tietze syndrome?
Inflammatory reaction, overexertion and prolonged coughing.
Is tietze syndrome dangerous?
No, self resolving (benign)
What age group is gerd common in?
30-60
Meniscus sign is seen in what?
Pleurisy
Ventilation and perfusion scans are valuable in the diagnosis of what?
Pulmonary embolism
What hilum should be lower ?
Right, (left should never ever be lower than the right
On the right side of the hilum the arteries are visable how much of the time?
94 (left side is only 62)
What sign tells you of a collapse of the right upper lobe with superior margination of the horizontal fissure?
S sign of golden
Loss of the anatomic boarder of the heart is called what?
Positive silhouette sign
Are lung abnormalities more commonly increased densities or decreased?
Increased (called opacities)
Parenchymal disease has what patterns?
Airspace and interstitial
What is the most common consolidation lung pathology ?
Pneumonia
What are the 4 interstitial lung patterns?
Linear, reticular, modular, reticulonodular
What is the most common cause of interlobular septal thickening that produces Kerley A and B lines?
Pulmonary edema
Resorptive atelectasis =
Obstruction
Passive atelectasis =
Adjacent mass or pneuomorthorax
Adhesive =?
Surfactant inactivation
Cicatrization =
Scar tissue
A solitary pulmonary module is defined as an intraparenchymal lesion less than______?
3 cm
Is a SPN associated with atelectasis or lymphadenopathy ?
Nope
Best way to determine importance of finding a SPN?
Old films. (2 years or older means is probs benign)
If a SPN is more than w cm it is prob______
Malignant
SPN less than _____ are probs benign
1cm
What is a non infections granuloma associated with?
Sarcoidosis
What are granulomas most offten a rust from?
Infection
What are some things that form granulomas?
TB. Histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis
Where in the lung is cancer most commonly found?
Right upper lobe
What is the most common cause of pneumonia?
Step pneumoniae ( bacterial)
Pneumonia that has abdominal pain, diarrhea or confusion is probs what?
Legionella
Pneumonia caused by step pneumoniae is associated with wha?
Rusty colored sputum
Pneumonia caused by _______may have bloody sputum often described as currant jelly.
Klebsiella
Viral pneumonia presents more commonly with whaT?
Wheezing
Bacterial pneumonia causes a shift to the…..?
Left
What are the most common spots in the lungs Tb occurs?
Post upper lobes. Superior, lower lobes
Is primary TB asymptomatic or symptomatic?
Asymptomatic
What are the most common S and S of TB?
Fatigue, fever, weight loss, coughing, hemoptysis, night sweats
TB iOS common in patients with what ?
AIDS
Ranke complex is healed TB that consists of what two parts?
Goon lesion (calcified parenchymal tuberculoma, ipsilateral calcified hilar node
What is the most common carcinoma to cavitate?
Squamous sell
What are the 3 Non small cell lung cancers?
Squamous celll, adenocarcinomas, large cell carcinoma.
What non small cell lung cancer is more common in non smokers and woman?
Adenocarcinoma
What is the most common primary lung malignacy to cause paraneoplastic syndromes and svc obstruction?
Small cell carcinoma (oat cell)
Blue bloaters = ?
Chronic bronchitis
Pink puffers =?
Emphysema
Saber sheath trachea refers to what ?
Emphysema
What is the most serious type of pneumothorax?
Tension
A pancoast tumor can include what’s?
Horners syndrome
What is Horners syndrome?
MIOSIS, facial anhidrosis, ptosis, enopthalmos (
Sucken eyes)
A pancoast tumor can compress what to give someone a horse voice?
Resurrect laryngeal nerve
