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PTMP 2 > LC6 > Flashcards

LC6 Flashcards

1
Q

used by physicians to diagnose and monitor the presence of disease

A

Laboratory Test

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2
Q

condition of the metabolism of the body early in the morning of after approx 12 hrs of fasting

A

Basal state

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3
Q

considerations in pre-examination phase

A
  1. Physiological variables
  2. Puncture sites
  3. Complications and special conditions
  4. Specimen quality
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4
Q

separation of serum to RBC; distributing the samples needed

A

Aliquot

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5
Q

Influence of age to :

  1. RBC Count
  2. WBC Count
  3. Renal Function Test
A
  1. RBC Count - higher in younger patients
  2. WBC Count - higher in younger patients
  3. Renal Function Test - decrease with age
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6
Q

Influence of altitude to :

  1. RBC Count
  2. Hemoglobin
  3. Hematocrit
  4. C-Reactive Proteins
  5. Uric Acid
  6. Creatinine
A
  1. RBC Count - Elevated in higher altitude
  2. Hemoglobin - Elevated in higher altitude
  3. Hematocrit - Elevated in higher altitude
  4. C-Reactive Proteins - Elevated in higher altitude
  5. Uric Acid - Elevated in higher altitude
  6. Creatinine - Decrease in higher altitude
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7
Q

Influence of dehydration to :

  1. RBC Count
  2. Iron
  3. Calcium
  4. Sodium
A
  1. RBC Count - Elevated
  2. Iron - Elevated
  3. Calcium - Elevated
  4. Sodium - Elevated
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8
Q

Influence of diet to :

  1. High Protein
  2. Caffeine
  3. Carbohydrates
  4. Excessive water and other fluids
  5. Fatty foods
A
  1. High Protein - Elevated NPN Compounds
  2. Caffeine - Elevated cortisol and ACTH and NEFA
  3. Carbohydrates - Elevated glucose and insulin
  4. Excessive water and other fluids - Decreased Hemoglobin
  5. Fatty foods - Elevated lipid profile
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9
Q

3 tests that are done in the morning

A

Cortisol, ACTH, Iron

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10
Q

Inappropriate Venipuncture Sites and Troubleshooting in Site Selection

A
  1. Arm on side of mastectomy
  2. Edematous areas
  3. Hematoma
  4. Arm in which blood is being transfused
  5. Scarred area
  6. Arm with fistulas or vascular grafts
  7. Sites above an IV cannula
  8. Obesity
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11
Q

caused by high levels of albumin in urine

A

Orthostatic Albuminuria, Albuminuria

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12
Q

Chemistry analytes affected by hemolysis

A
  1. Potassium
  2. LDH
  3. AST
  4. Magnesium
  5. Phosphate
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13
Q

catheter is placed in an artery

A

Arterial Line

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14
Q

used to provide accurate and continuous measurement of patients blood pressure

A

Arterial Line

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15
Q

permanent surgical connection of an artery and vein by direct fusion and used for dialysis

A

Arteriovenous Shunt, Fistula, or Graft

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16
Q

reduced the chance of infection, prevention needlesticks, and minimize waste associated with line draws

A

Blood Sampling Device

17
Q

Where blood is collected when using a blood sampling device

A

Arterial or central venous catheter

18
Q

Catheter or cannula connected to a stopcock or a cap with diaphragm

A

Heparin or Saline Lock ( Hep-lock )

19
Q

Done with hep-lock to prevent clogging

A

flushing w heparin or saline

20
Q

IV-catheter inserted in a vein to administer fluids

A

Intravenous sites

21
Q

not to be used to obtain blood sample

A

Intravenous sites

22
Q

tubings inserted to the main vein or artery used for blood collection, monitoring the patient’s pressures, and administering medications and fluids

A

Central Vascular Access Devices (CVADs)

23
Q

3 Types of CVADs

A
  1. Central venous catheter
  2. Implanted port
  3. Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)
24
Q

rapid swelling at or near the venipuncture site due to blood leaking into the tissues

A

Hematoma Formation

25
Q

results from blood loss due to blood draw

A

Iatrogenic Anemia

26
Q

happens when blood is filling up the tube rapidly and there is a rapid formation of hematoma on the site

A

Inadvert Arterial Puncture

27
Q

avoided by making sure that tapes or bandages are not opened ahead of time

A

Infection

28
Q

due to improper site selection, rapid needle insertion, excessive redirection of needle and blind probing

A

Nerve Injury

29
Q

blood drawn flowing back into the vein from collection tube = adverse reaction due to the presence of tube additives

A

Reflux of Anticoagulant

30
Q

avoided when one follows the proper technique

A

Vein Damage

31
Q

3 types of allergies and resolution

A
  1. Adhesive allergy - use gauze and remove after 15 mins
  2. Antiseptic allergy - use a different antiseptic
  3. Latex allergy - look for sign to indicate allergy and use a non-latex alternative
32
Q

when patient is on aspirin or anticoagulant bleeding may take a longer time

A

Excessive Bleeding

33
Q

temporary loss of consciousness caused by insufficient flow of blood to the brain

A

Fainting

34
Q

discontinue procedure until the feeling subsides

A

Nausea and Vomiting

35
Q

appearance of small red or purple spots that look like rashes that appear when tourniquet is applied

A

Petechiae

36
Q

may lead to incorrect blood-to-additive ratio

A

Short draws

37
Q

constituents which has a high concentration of RBC

A
  1. Lactate dehydrogenase
  2. Aspartate aminotransferase
  3. Potassium
38
Q

Difference of serum and plasma

A
  1. Serum - liquid portion of clotted blood; no anticoagulant
  2. Plasma - liquid portion of unclotted blood; anticoagulant present
39
Q

veins that are blocked and results to insufficient blood flow

A

Collapsed Veins

PTMP 2 (10 decks)

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