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PTMP 2 > LBU5 > Flashcards

LBU5 Flashcards

1
Q

3 types of additives

A

Liquid, Spray-dried, powder

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2
Q

Categories of Blood Collection Additives

A
  1. Anticoagulants
  2. Special-use anticoagulants
  3. Antiglycolytic agents
  4. Clot activators
  5. Thixotropic gel separator
  6. Trace element-free tubes
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3
Q

Gold Tubes

  • inversion
  • additive
  • laboratory use
  • blood clotting time
A

I : 5
A : Clot Activator and gel for serum separation
L : Serum determination, routine blood donor screening, diagnostic testing of serum for infectious disease
BCT : 30 minutes

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4
Q

Light Green

  • inversion
  • additive
  • laboratory use
A

I : 8
A : Lithium Heparin and gel for plasma separation
L : For plasma determinations

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5
Q

Red

  • inversion
  • additive
  • laboratory use
  • blood clotting time
A

I : 0 (glass), 5 (plastic)
A : Silicone coated (glass)
- Clot activator, Silicone coated (plastic)
L : Serum determination, routine blood donor screening, diagnostic testing of serum for infectious disease
BCT : 60 minutes

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6
Q

Orange

  • inversion
  • additive
  • laboratory use
  • blood clotting time
A

I : 5-6
A : Thrombin-based clot activator with gel for serum separation, Thrombin-based clot activator
L : For Stat Serum Determinations
BCT : 5 minutes

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7
Q

Royal Blue

  • inversion
  • additive
  • laboratory use
A

I : 8
A : Clot activator, K2 EDTA (plastic)
L : Trace-element, toxicology, and nutritional-chemistry determinations

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8
Q

Green

  • inversion
  • additive
  • laboratory use
A

I : 8
A : Sodium Heparin, Lithium Heparin
L : For Plasma Determinations

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9
Q

Gray

  • inversion
  • additive
  • laboratory use
A

I : 8
A : Potassium oxalate / Sodium Fluoride, Sodium Fluoride / Na2 EDTA, Sodium Fluoride (Serum Tube)
L : For Glucose determinations and Plasma samples (Oxalate and EDTA)

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10
Q

Tan

  • inversion
  • additive
  • laboratory use
A

I : 8
A : K2 EDTA (plastic)
L : Lead determinations

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11
Q

Yellow

  • inversion
  • additive
  • laboratory use
A

I : 8
A : Sodium polyethanol sulfonate (SPS), Acid citrate dextrose additives (ACD)
L : Blood culture specimen collections (SPS), Blood Bank Studies, HLA phenotyping, DNA & paternity testing (ACD)

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12
Q

Lavender

  • inversion
  • additive
  • laboratory use
A

I : 8
A : Liquid K3 EDTA (glass), Spray-coated K2 EDTA (plastic)
L : Whole blood Hematology determinations, Routine immunohematology, Blood Donor Screening

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13
Q

White

  • inversion
  • additive
  • laboratory use
A

I : 8
A : K2 EDTA and gel for plasma separation
L : Molecular diagnostic test methods (PCR, branched DNA amplification)

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14
Q

Pink

  • inversion
  • additive
  • laboratory use
A

I : 8
A : Spray-coated K2 EDTA (plastic)
L : Whole blood Hematology determinations, Routine immunohematology, Blood Donor Screening

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15
Q

Light Blue

  • inversion
  • additive
  • laboratory use
A

I : 3-4
A : Buffered sodium citrate, CTAD (citrate, theophyline, adenosine, dypyrimadole)
L : For coagulation determinations, CTAD - selected platelet function assays and routine coagulation determination

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16
Q

Clear

  • inversion
  • additive
  • laboratory use
A

I : 0
A : None (plastic)
L : As a discard tube or secondary specimen tube

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17
Q

Blood Collection Additives that are Anticoagulants

A

– Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)
– Citrate
– Heparin
– Oxalate

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18
Q

Color of Tubes that contain EDTA

A

Lavender, White, Pink, Tan, Royal Blue

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19
Q

Color of Tubes that contain Citrate

A

Light Blue, Clear

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20
Q

Color of Tubes that contain Heparin

A

Green, Light Green

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21
Q

Color of Tubes that contain Oxalate

A

Gray

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22
Q

Blood Collection Additives that are Special Anticoagulants

A

– Sodium Polyanethol Sulfonate (SPS)
– Acid Citrate Dextrose (ACD)
– Citrate Phosphate Dextrose (CPD)

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23
Q

Color of Tubes that contain SPS

A

Yellow

24
Q

Color of Tubes that contain ACD

A

Yellow

25
Q

Color of Tubes that contain CPD

A

Blood Bag

26
Q

Color of Tubes that contain Antiglycolytic agents

A

Gray

27
Q

Color of Tubes that contain Clot Activators

A

Red, Gold, Orange

28
Q

Color of Tubes that contain Thixotropic gel separator

A

Yellow, Red, Orange, Light Green, Green

29
Q

Trace element-free tubes

A

Royal Blue

30
Q

Order of Draw

A
  1. Sterile tube (blood culture)
  2. Blue-top coagulation tube
  3. Serum tube with or without clot activator, with or without gel
  4. Heparin tube with or without gel plasma separator
  5. EDTA tube
  6. Glycolytic inhibitor tube
31
Q

Commonly called blood thinners and are substances that prevent blood clots

A

Anticoagulants

32
Q

Two methods that anticoagulants do

A
  1. precipitation of calcium
  2. preventing thrombin formation
33
Q

Prevent breakdown of glucose by blood cells or glycolysis

A

Antiglycolytic agents

34
Q

What does Sodium Fluoride do

A
  • preserves glucose
  • prevents growth of bacteria
35
Q

Enhance coagulation in serum specimen tubes

A

Clot activators

36
Q

Two types of activators

A
  1. Thrombin - clotting factors
  2. Substance that provide silica and celite
37
Q

inhibits cells from metabolizing substances and moves between cells and serum or plasma when centrifuged

A

Thixotropic gel separator

38
Q

made of materials that are free of trace element contamination

A

Trace-element free tubes

39
Q

Purpose of a discard tube before a coagulation tube

A
  • for blood collection set tubing’s “dead space”
  • for maintenance of proper blood-to-additive ratio of blood specimen
  • to get rid of tissue thromboplastin
40
Q

Tube used when test requires whole blood or plasma

A

Tubes with anticoagulant

41
Q

Why should tubes with anticoagulants be mixed immediately

A

to prevent microclot formation

42
Q

Consequence of excess EDTA

A

cause RBCs to shrink and change CBC results

43
Q

Recommended EDTA; Reason

A

Spray-dried; liquid EDTA dilutes specimen and results in lower hemoglobin values, RBC and WBC counts, platelet counts and packed-well volumes

44
Q

Purpose of Sodium Citrate

A

for coagulation tests as it preserves coagulation factors

45
Q

enzyme converted tp fibrinogen into fibrin necessary for clot formation

A

Thrombin

46
Q

added to tubes containing glucose preservatives to provide plasma for glucose testing

A

Oxalate

47
Q

Consequence of excess oxalate

A
  • causes hemolysis
  • release hemoglobin into plasma
48
Q

Why is SPS used for blood culture collection

A
  • reduce action of complement which destroys bacteria
  • slows down phagocytosis, and reduced activity of antibiotics
49
Q

acts as an RBC nutrient and preservative maintaining RBC viability

A

Dextrose

50
Q

Purpose of Citrate, Phosphate and Dextrose in CPD

A
  1. Citrate - chelates calcium
  2. Phosphate - stabilizes pH
  3. Dextrose - provides cells with energy and keeps them alibe
51
Q

preserves glucose for up to 3 days and also inhibits the growth of bacteria

A

Sodium Fluoride

52
Q

Clot activators in SSTs and plastic red tops. Also causes blood to clot within 15-30 minutes

A

Silica particles

53
Q

can occur when blood in an additive tube touches the needle during ETS blood collection or when blood is transferred from a syringe into ETS tubes

A

Carryover/Cross-Contamination

54
Q

substance present in tissue fluid and activates the extrinsic coagulation pathway and can interfere with coagulation tests

A

Tissue Thromboplastin

55
Q

Three results if one fills the tubes in the wrong order

A
  1. Carryover/Cross-Contamination
  2. Tissue Thromboplastin Contamination
  3. Microbial Contamination

PTMP 2 (10 decks)

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