Last Minute Revision

Question 1

Assembler

Answer 1

a computer program that will take the mnemonics used in assembly language and convert them into machine code so they can be processed by the computer. This is done by converting one word assembly instructions into opcode, and allocating memory to variables, often resulting in an operand

Question 2

Check Digit

Answer 2

checks to see if an error has occurred by doing some mathematical calculations, normally with one or two digits

Question 3

Double Entry

Answer 3

used in situations where the same identical piece of data needs to be entered twice, such as when changing a password

Question 4

Format Check

Answer 4

checks the format of something, e.g. that a postcode or NI number has been entered correctly

Question 5

Length Check

Answer 5

restricts how many characters can be entered into a text box

Question 6

Lookup Table

Answer 6

reduces error, used in situations such as to select a title from a menu

Question 7

Presence Check

Answer 7

checks something has been entered

Question 8

Range Check

Answer 8

checks data is between two endpoints

Question 9

Address Bus

Answer 9

where the address of the data is communicated to main memory. The width (number of wires) defines the amount of physical memory that can be addressed.

Question 10

Control Bus

Answer 10

used to tell the memory or device which operation is to be performed

Question 11

Data Bus

Answer 11

a series of wires that connects the processor to the main memory (RAM) or cache memory. Can be used to read from or write to memory. Characterised by its width.

Question 12

Audio Port

Answer 12

connector to plug ANALOGUE audio signals into a computer

Question 13

Digital Visual Interface

Answer 13

to connect a video source to a computer monitor

Question 14

Ethernet

Answer 14

mainly used for networking and internet connectivity, carries broadband signals between different wired internet-capable devices

Question 15

High-Definition Multimedia Interface

Answer 15

used to transfer audio/visual data to compatible monitors/IDTV/video projectors

Question 16

IEEE1934 Interface / Firewire

Answer 16

used for high speed data transfer

Question 17

PS/2 Connector

Answer 17

a six-pin connector used to connect mice and computers

Question 18

Universal Serial Bus

Answer 18

allows high-speed connectivity with peripheral devices

Question 19

Attribution Licence

Answer 19

allows work to be shared, copied and modified, but the creator must be credited

Question 20

Non-Commercial Licence

Answer 20

allows work to be shared, copied and modified, but the creator must be credited and the work cannot be used to make a profit

Question 21

No Derivative Works Licence

Answer 21

allows work to be shared and redistributed, but not modified in any way

Question 22

Share-Alike Licence

Answer 22

allows work to be shared, copied and modified, but the creator must be credited and the modified work must be released under the same terms as the original

Question 23

First Data Protection Principle

Answer 23

processing of personal data for any of the law enforcement purposes must be lawful and fair

Question 24

Second Data Protection Principle

Answer 24

the law enforcement purpose for which personal data is collected on any occasion must be specified, explicit and legitimate, and personal data so collected must not be processed in a manner that is incompatible with the purpose for which it was collected

Question 25

Third Data Protection Principle

Answer 25

personal data processed for any of the law enforcement purposes must be adequate, relevant and not excessive in relation to the purpose for which it is processed

Question 26

Fourth Data Protection Principle

Answer 26

personal data processed for any of the law enforcement purposes must be adequate, relevant and, where necessary, kept up to date, and every reasonable step must be taken to ensure that personal data that is inaccurate, having regard to the las enforcement purpose for which it is processed, is erased and rectified without delay

Question 27

Fifth Data Protection Principle

Answer 27

personal data processed for any law enforcement purposes must be kept for no longer than is necessary for the purposes for which it is processed

Question 28

Sixth Data Protection Principle

Answer 28

personal data processed for any of the law enforcement purposes must be so processed in a manner that ensures appropriate security of the personal data, using appropriate technical and organisational measures

Question 29

Fetch-Decode-Execute Step 1

Answer 29

The fetch cycle takes the address required from the memory, stores it in the instruction register, and moves the program counter on one so that it points at the next instruction.

Question 30

Fetch-Decode-Execute Step 2

Answer 30

The control unit checks the instruction in the instruction register. The instruction is decoded to determine the action that needs to be carried out.

Question 31

Fetch-Decode-Execute Step 3

Answer 31

That actual actions that happen during the execution cycle depend on the instruction itself.

Question 32

FOIA exemption 1

Answer 32

correspondence with royal family

Question 33

FOIA exemption 2

Answer 33

information relating to criminal investigations

Question 34

FOIA exemption 3

Answer 34

information where disclosure may cause a specific type of harm

Question 35

FOIA exemption 4

Answer 35

information that would breach health and safety

Question 36

FOIA exemption 5

Answer 36

information prejudicing law enforcement

Question 37

FOIA exemption 6

Answer 37

information prejudicing someone's commercial interests

Question 38

Bitmap Image

Answer 38

a type of raster image and is composed of many tiny parts, called pixels, which are often many different colours. It is possible to edit each individual pixel

Question 39

Raster Graphics

Answer 39

dot matrix data structures representing a grid of pixels and cannot scale up without loss of apparent quality. They tend to be large in terms of the memory required to store them

Question 40

Vector Graphics

Answer 40

allow the graphic to resize without losing quality, unlike the other two. This is because they use geometrically primitive objects such as points, lines, curves and shapes or polygons which are based on mathematical expression to represent images.

Question 41

Layer 1

Answer 41

Applications Layer tells the computer how data is to be used

Question 42

Layer 2

Answer 42

Presentation Layer changes the data into a form that can be read

Question 43

Layer 3

Answer 43

Session Layer tells whether it is full or half-duplex

Question 44

Layer 4

Answer 44

Transport Layer how data is going to be transported, broken up and put back together

Question 45

Layer 5

Answer 45

Network Layer how things are sent across e.g. traffic control, uses internet protocol, keeps addresses of different computers to each computer, decides routes which data takes

Question 46

Layer 6

Answer 46

Data Link Layer says how quickly it will be carried

Question 47

Layer 7

Answer 47

Physical Layer the raw bit of data that streams over the physical medium

Question 48

RIPA Power 1

Answer 48

powers concerning interception of telecommunications

Question 49

RIPA Power 2

Answer 49

powers concerning acquisition of telecommunications

Question 50

RIPA Power 3

Answer 50

powers concerning intrusive surveillance

Question 51

RIPA Power 4

Answer 51

powers concerning covert surveillance

Question 52

RIPA Power 5

Answer 52

powers concerning CHISs and UCOs

Question 53

RIPA Power 6

Answer 53

powers concerning access to encrypted data

Question 54

Translation Stage 1

Answer 54

Lexical Analysis takes the sequence of characters you wrote and translates it into a series of tokens, removing any white space, allowing the computer to see the collection of typed words

Question 55

Translation Stage 2

Answer 55

Symbol Table Construction created to store variable names and subroutines, checking that variables have been declared properly

Question 56

Translation Stage 3

Answer 56

Syntax Analysis checks to ensure the code conforms to the rules of that particular language, eg for missing semi-colons

Question 57

Translation Stage 4

Answer 57

Semantic Analysis checks to ensure the program makes sense, eg checking that variables have been given suitable types and have been declared before use

Question 58

Translation Stage 5

Answer 58

Code Generation the tokens are translated into object code

Question 59

Translation Stage 6

Answer 59

Optimisation optimises the program for the processor that it is run on, stopping the process from doing unnecessary work

Question 60

Scheme

Answer 60

either http or https

Question 61

Subdomain

Answer 61

part of the URL after http or https, for example www.

Question 62

Second Level Domain

Answer 62

after www.

Question 63

Top Level Domain

Answer 63

for example .com

Question 64

Sub Directory

Answer 64

after .com