Construction Flashcards
Assembler
a computer program that will take the mnemonics used in assembly language and covert them into machine code so they can be processed by the computer. This is done by converting one word assembly instructions into opcode, and allocating memory to variables, often resulting in an operand
Assembly Code
a low-level programming language designed for a specific type of processor that can be converted to machine code using an assembler
Compiler
takes code written in high-level language and translates it into machine code. It translates everything all in one go before any execution takes place
High-Level Language
a programming language designed to simplify computer programs, is high-level because it is several steps removed from the actual code run on the CPU
Interpreter
takes code written in high-level language and translates it into machine code. It translates everything one line at a time
Keyword
words in programs such as if, while, do or repeat
Low Level Language
a programming language that contains basic instructions recognised by a CPU, such as assembly code and machine code
Mnemonic
short code used in assembly language, chosen to remind the programmer of the program instruction it represents
Object Code
code which is executed
Opcode
an instruction like and or not
Parsing
analysing a string of tokens
Source Code
code which you type
Syntax
the rules for structure of statements in a programming language
Translator
tool that translates source code into object code. There are three types: assemblers, compilers and interpreters. To translate source code, there rare multiple stages that must be done
Lexical Analysis
takes the sequence of characters you wrote and translates it into a series of tokens, removing any white space, allowing the computer to see the collection of typed words
Symbol Table Construction
created to store variable names and subroutines, checking that variables have been declared properly
Syntax Analysis
checks to ensure the code conforms to the rules of that particular language, eg for missing semi-colons
Semantic Analysis
checks to ensure the program makes sense, eg checking that variables have been given suitable types and have been declared before use
Code Generation
the tokens are translated into object code
Optimisation
optimises the program for the processor that it is run on, stopping the process from doing unnecessary work
Recycle Bin
an application that partially removes data from a computer, but leaves it on the hard drive
Uniform Resource Locator
the thing that is typed into a search engine that leads to a website
Scheme
either HTTP or HTTPS, shows whether or not a website is secure or not
Subdomain
the first part of the URL, after HTTP or HTTPS
Top Level Domain
the second part of the URL, before the dot.com
Second Level Domain
the second part of the URL, such as .com, .co.uk, .net, .gov
Sub Directory
the part of the URL after the .com
.ac
academic in the uk
.com
company
.de
Germany
.edu
education in America
.fr
France
.gov
government
.int
international organisations
.it
Italy
.mil
military in America
.net
network
.org
organisation
.sch
school in UK
.ch
Switzerland
.uk
United Kingdom
