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last minute abd 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Celiac Trunk
define

A

-major artery of abdomen

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2
Q

Celiac Trunk
arrise from?

A

Aortic Artery

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3
Q

Celiac Trunk - 3 Branches

A

Left Gastric a.
Splenic a
Common Hepatic a

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4
Q

Which branch of the Celiac Trunk is the only one to go right?

A

Common Hepatic Art

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5
Q

What does the L Gastric Artery give rise to?

A

Esophageal branches

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6
Q

Where does L Gastric Artery travel? (2)

& what does it join?

A

Ascends across diaphragm –> lesser curve of stomach &

joins R gastric artery

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7
Q

Where does Splenic Artery travel across?
(3)

A

Left to spleen
under stomach,
along upper pancreas

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8
Q

How many branches off the Splenic Artery?

A

5

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9
Q

3 Important branches of splenic artery

A

Left gastroepiploic
Short Gastrics
Pancreatic branches

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10
Q

Which artery supplies greater curvature of stomach?

A

Left gastroepiploic artery

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11
Q

Which artery: 5-7 small branches supplying fundus of stomach

A

Short gastric arteries

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12
Q

which artery branches supply pancreas body & tail

A

Pancreatic branches

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13
Q

which artery - torturous appearance?

A

Splenic a.

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14
Q

Common Hepatic Artery

-Define
-Where does it travel?
-What does it divide into?

A

Only arterial supply to liver

Travels above duodenum
Divides into:

*gastroduodenal art
—> pancreaticduodenal that supplies sup pancreas head

-proper hepatic art
–> R and Left Hepatic Art

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15
Q

Which artery supplies the body and tail of pancreas?

A

Splenic artery

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16
Q

Which arteries supply the head of the pancreas?

A

Superior pancreaticoduodenal artery
–> from the gastroduodenal artery of the common hepatic

Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery
–> from superior mesenteric art.

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17
Q

Pancreas Function

A

Has enzymes that breakdown proteins, carbs, and fats

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18
Q

Pancreas Enzymes Function:

Amylase

RNAase

A

Amylase: breakdown carbs

RNAse: degrade RNA

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19
Q

Pancreas Enzymes Function:

Lipase

A

Lipase: breakdown fat

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20
Q

Pancreas Enzymes Function:

DNAase

A

DNAase: degrade DNA

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21
Q

Pancreas - what are zymogens?

A

Inactive substance that becomes enzyme when activated by enzyme

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22
Q

Pancreas Zymogen: Trypsinogen

-Secreted where?
-Converts to
-Function

A

Duodenum

Trypsin

Digest proteins

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23
Q

Pancreas Zymogen: Chymotrypsinogen

-Secreted where?
-Converts to
-Function

A

Duodenum

Chymotrypsin

Digest Proteins

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24
Q

Pancreas:
Procarboxypeptidase A & B

-Function

A

Fibrinolysis inhibitor

Stop process that prevents clot growth. Promote clot growth and wound heal

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25
Pancreas islet cells function
produce and store insulin and glucagon
26
Pancreas Congenital Dz Define: Agenesis prevalence ?
Loss of pancreas body or tail very rare
27
Pancreas Congenital Dz Define: Pancreas Divisum prevalence ?
Failure of two ducts to fuse common
28
Pancreas Congenital Dz Define: Annular pancreas prevalence ?
Pancreas encircles the duodenum Rare
29
Pancreas Congenital Dz Define: Ectopic pancreas prevalence ?
Pancreatic tissue found outside anatomical location of pancreas
30
Result of acute or chronic pancreatitis? Systemic organ failure
acute
31
Result of acute or chronic pancreatitis? Pancreatic abscess
Acute
32
Result of acute or chronic pancreatitis? Pseudocyst & Calcification Duct obstruction Malabsorption/Steatorrhea Secondary Diabetes
Chronic
33
Neoplasms
New and abnormal growth of tissue,
34
Which organ? Blind pouch off the cecum
Appendix
35
Appendicitis Chance during lifetime
6%
36
Appendicitis What percent ages 10-30
69%
37
3 Most frequent Appendicitis Sxs seen in 60% people
-Anorexia -Periumbilical Pain -RLQ pain developing over 24 hours
38
What is a late appendicitis finding?
Rebound
39
Which organ: Contains lymph tissue that peaks in adolescence, atrophies with age
Appendix
40
Appendicitis Cutaneous hyperesthesia in which Dermatomes?
T 10 to 12
41
ROVSING’S SIGN -Test for what condn? -Explain Test
Appendicitis RLQ pain when palpation LLQ
42
acute appy, palpation of ______ iliac fossa may produce pain where?
left pain in right
43
Psoas Sign Test for what? Explain test
Appendicitis Pain when flexing thigh, irritated hip flexors/ilipsoas
44
McBurneys location
2/3 away from umbilicus 1/3rd from superior margin of iliac fossa
45
OBTURATOR SIGN Test for what? Explain test
Appy Lay on back, flexion and internal rotation of hip
46
Mantrels Score Explain scores and possibility of acute Appy
<5 High suspicion 5-6: possible 7-8: probable 9-10: very probable
47
Mantrels Score Migration Anorexia Nausea Tenderness RLQ Rebound Elevated Temp Leukocytosis Shift to left
48
Spleen Function during fetal development
Produces RBCs & WBCs
49
What happens to spleen at month 5 gestation
loses hematopoietic function, retains capacity thruout life
50
Spleen destroys RBCs coated with what?
IgG and IgM
51
What else can spleen remove?
Parasites like malaria
52
Signs & sx of splenic trauma are those of? Suspect bleed with what type of injury?
hemoperitoneum (generalized LUQ pain) Blunt upper abd.
53
Stomach: where does arterial blood supply arrise from?
Celiac trunk + branches
54
Stomach: Lesser Curvature most blood supply from?
R and L Gastric Arteries
55
Stomach: Greater Curvature most blood supply from?
R & L Epiploic arteries
56
Stomach: Fundus and Upper body most blood supply from?
Short and Posterior Gastric arteries
57
Gastric Mucosa Function of: Cardia
Mucus secretion
58
Gastric Mucosa Function of: Fundus
Acid- parietal cells (HCl) Pepsid- chief cells
59
Gastric Mucosa Function of: Pylorus
Gastrin Hormone Production
60
Stomach Glands Function of: Surface/Neck Mucosa Cells
Secrete bicarb
61
Stomach Glands Function of: Parietal cells Most numerus where?
Secrete acid (HCl) In isthmus of glands
62
Stomach Glands Function of: Chief, peptic or zymogenic cells
. Secrete gastric lipase and pepsinogen.
63
Stomach Glands Function of: Neuroendocrine cells
secrete serotonin and other hormones
64
Stomach: Name the dz "transient mucosal inflammatory process"
Acute Gastritis
65
Acute Gastritis How does NSAIDs contribute?
Decrease prostaglandin synthesis which enhance bicarb secretion --> less bicarb
66
Acute Gastritis Why is elderly more effected?
Reduced mucus synthesis
67
Acute Gastritis Why does H. Pylori cause it?
Secretes urease Inhibits bicarb by ammonium ions
68
Define Adenocarcinoma
most common malignancy of the stomach
69
Adenocarcinoma Early symptoms resemble??
Gastritis
70
What mutations are at increase risk of Adenocarcinoma????
BRCAS BAX IGFRII

602 (5 decks)

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