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602 > last minute abd 2 > Flashcards

last minute abd 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Celiac Trunk
define

A

-major artery of abdomen

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2
Q

Celiac Trunk
arrise from?

A

Aortic Artery

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3
Q

Celiac Trunk - 3 Branches

A

Left Gastric a.
Splenic a
Common Hepatic a

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4
Q

Which branch of the Celiac Trunk is the only one to go right?

A

Common Hepatic Art

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5
Q

What does the L Gastric Artery give rise to?

A

Esophageal branches

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6
Q

Where does L Gastric Artery travel? (2)

& what does it join?

A

Ascends across diaphragm –> lesser curve of stomach &

joins R gastric artery

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7
Q

Where does Splenic Artery travel across?
(3)

A

Left to spleen
under stomach,
along upper pancreas

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8
Q

How many branches off the Splenic Artery?

A

5

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9
Q

3 Important branches of splenic artery

A

Left gastroepiploic
Short Gastrics
Pancreatic branches

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10
Q

Which artery supplies greater curvature of stomach?

A

Left gastroepiploic artery

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11
Q

Which artery: 5-7 small branches supplying fundus of stomach

A

Short gastric arteries

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12
Q

which artery branches supply pancreas body & tail

A

Pancreatic branches

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13
Q

which artery - torturous appearance?

A

Splenic a.

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14
Q

Common Hepatic Artery

-Define
-Where does it travel?
-What does it divide into?

A

Only arterial supply to liver

Travels above duodenum
Divides into:

*gastroduodenal art
—> pancreaticduodenal that supplies sup pancreas head

-proper hepatic art
–> R and Left Hepatic Art

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15
Q

Which artery supplies the body and tail of pancreas?

A

Splenic artery

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16
Q

Which arteries supply the head of the pancreas?

A

Superior pancreaticoduodenal artery
–> from the gastroduodenal artery of the common hepatic

Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery
–> from superior mesenteric art.

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17
Q

Pancreas Function

A

Has enzymes that breakdown proteins, carbs, and fats

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18
Q

Pancreas Enzymes Function:

Amylase

RNAase

A

Amylase: breakdown carbs

RNAse: degrade RNA

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19
Q

Pancreas Enzymes Function:

Lipase

A

Lipase: breakdown fat

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20
Q

Pancreas Enzymes Function:

DNAase

A

DNAase: degrade DNA

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21
Q

Pancreas - what are zymogens?

A

Inactive substance that becomes enzyme when activated by enzyme

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22
Q

Pancreas Zymogen: Trypsinogen

-Secreted where?
-Converts to
-Function

A

Duodenum

Trypsin

Digest proteins

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23
Q

Pancreas Zymogen: Chymotrypsinogen

-Secreted where?
-Converts to
-Function

A

Duodenum

Chymotrypsin

Digest Proteins

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24
Q

Pancreas:
Procarboxypeptidase A & B

-Function

A

Fibrinolysis inhibitor

Stop process that prevents clot growth. Promote clot growth and wound heal

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25
Q

Pancreas

islet cells function

A

produce and store insulin and glucagon

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26
Q

Pancreas Congenital Dz

Define: Agenesis

prevalence ?

A

Loss of pancreas body or tail

very rare

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27
Q

Pancreas Congenital Dz

Define: Pancreas Divisum

prevalence ?

A

Failure of two ducts to fuse

common

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28
Q

Pancreas Congenital Dz

Define: Annular pancreas

prevalence ?

A

Pancreas encircles the duodenum

Rare

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29
Q

Pancreas Congenital Dz

Define: Ectopic pancreas

prevalence ?

A

Pancreatic tissue found outside anatomical location of pancreas

30
Q

Result of acute or chronic pancreatitis?

Systemic organ failure

A

acute

31
Q

Result of acute or chronic pancreatitis?

Pancreatic abscess

A

Acute

32
Q

Result of acute or chronic pancreatitis?

Pseudocyst & Calcification
Duct obstruction
Malabsorption/Steatorrhea
Secondary Diabetes

A

Chronic

33
Q

Neoplasms

A

New and abnormal growth of tissue,

34
Q

Which organ?

Blind pouch off the cecum

A

Appendix

35
Q

Appendicitis

Chance during lifetime

A

6%

36
Q

Appendicitis

What percent ages 10-30

A

69%

37
Q

3 Most frequent Appendicitis Sxs seen in 60% people

A

-Anorexia
-Periumbilical Pain
-RLQ pain developing over 24 hours

38
Q

What is a late appendicitis finding?

A

Rebound

39
Q

Which organ:

Contains lymph tissue that peaks in adolescence, atrophies with age

A

Appendix

40
Q

Appendicitis

Cutaneous hyperesthesia in which Dermatomes?

A

T 10 to 12

41
Q

ROVSING’S SIGN

-Test for what condn?
-Explain Test

A

Appendicitis

RLQ pain when palpation LLQ

42
Q

acute appy, palpation of ______ iliac fossa may produce pain where?

A

left

pain in right

43
Q

Psoas Sign

Test for what?
Explain test

A

Appendicitis

Pain when flexing thigh, irritated hip flexors/ilipsoas

44
Q

McBurneys location

A

2/3 away from umbilicus
1/3rd from superior margin of iliac fossa

45
Q

OBTURATOR SIGN

Test for what?
Explain test

A

Appy

Lay on back, flexion and internal rotation of hip

46
Q

Mantrels Score

Explain scores and possibility of acute Appy

A

<5 High suspicion
5-6: possible
7-8: probable
9-10: very probable

47
Q

Mantrels Score

Migration
Anorexia
Nausea
Tenderness RLQ
Rebound
Elevated Temp
Leukocytosis
Shift to left

A
48
Q

Spleen Function during fetal development

A

Produces RBCs & WBCs

49
Q

What happens to spleen at month 5 gestation

A

loses hematopoietic function, retains capacity thruout life

50
Q

Spleen destroys RBCs coated with what?

A

IgG and IgM

51
Q

What else can spleen remove?

A

Parasites like malaria

52
Q

Signs & sx of splenic trauma are those of?

Suspect bleed with what type of injury?

A

hemoperitoneum (generalized LUQ pain)

Blunt upper abd.

53
Q

Stomach: where does arterial blood supply arrise from?

A

Celiac trunk + branches

54
Q

Stomach: Lesser Curvature most blood supply from?

A

R and L Gastric Arteries

55
Q

Stomach: Greater Curvature most blood supply from?

A

R & L Epiploic arteries

56
Q

Stomach: Fundus and Upper body

most blood supply from?

A

Short and Posterior Gastric arteries

57
Q

Gastric Mucosa

Function of: Cardia

A

Mucus secretion

58
Q

Gastric Mucosa

Function of: Fundus

A

Acid- parietal cells (HCl)
Pepsid- chief cells

59
Q

Gastric Mucosa

Function of: Pylorus

A

Gastrin Hormone Production

60
Q

Stomach Glands

Function of:

Surface/Neck Mucosa Cells

A

Secrete bicarb

61
Q

Stomach Glands

Function of:

Parietal cells

Most numerus where?

A

Secrete acid (HCl)

In isthmus of glands

62
Q

Stomach Glands

Function of:

Chief,pepticorzymogenic cells

A

. Secrete gastric lipase and pepsinogen.

63
Q

Stomach Glands

Function of: Neuroendocrine cells

A

secrete serotonin and other hormones

64
Q

Stomach: Name the dz

“transient mucosal inflammatory process”

A

Acute Gastritis

65
Q

Acute Gastritis

How does NSAIDs contribute?

A

Decrease prostaglandin synthesis which enhance bicarb secretion

–> less bicarb

66
Q

Acute Gastritis

Why is elderly more effected?

A

Reduced mucus synthesis

67
Q

Acute Gastritis

Why does H. Pylori cause it?

A

Secretes urease

Inhibits bicarb by ammonium ions

68
Q

Define Adenocarcinoma

A

most common malignancy of the stomach

69
Q

Adenocarcinoma

Early symptoms resemble??

A

Gastritis

70
Q

What mutations are at increase risk of Adenocarcinoma????

A

BRCAS

BAX

IGFRII

602 (5 decks)

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