LAst minute Flashcards
Ki67 or PCNA are indicators of what?
These are markers of tumor growth/proliferation.
Bizzare giant multinucleated cells are a hallmark feature for what type of tumor?
Hallmark feature for anaplasic tumors.
Expression of what on tumor cells will favor metastasis?
CD 44
What type of cancer typically causes osteoblastomas?
Prostate cancer.
What type of cancer will typically lead to Osteolytic metastasis?
PGE2 and IL-1 producing tumors.
Breast cancer will cause this as well.
What is the metastatic site for Stomach adenocarcinoma?
Virchows left supraclavicular node
What is the metastatic site for Renal adenocarcinoma?
Lung
What is the metastatic site for lung carcinoma?
Adrenal/liver
Which primary tumor commonly metastasizes to the brain?
LUBGOM Lung Breast Genitourinary Isteosarcoma Melanoma GI
Which primary tumor commonly metastasizes to the liver?
Colon
Stomach
Pancrease
What primary tumor will metastasize to the bone?
PRostate, breast, lung, thyroud.
What is the Dukes system for staging?
Colorectal cancers
What is the Ann Arbor System for staging?
Hodgkin and non hodgkin lymphomas.
What does Nickel exposure put you at risk for?
Nose and lung cancer
What does radon exposure put you at risk for?
Lung cancer
What does vinyl chloride put you at risk for?
Angiosarcoma of the liver
What does Aniline dies put you at risk for?
Bladder cancer sen in manufacturing of aniline dyes, textiles, and rubber work
What neoplasm is associated with AIDS?
Malignant lymphoma
Kaposi Sarcoma
What neoplasm is associated with Barret esophagus?
Esophageal adenocarcinoma
What neoplasm is associated with chronic atrophic gastritis, pernicious anemia, postsurgical gastric remains?
Gastric adenocarcinoma
What neoplasm is associated with Cushings syndrome?
Small cell lung cancer due to over expression of ACTH.
What neoplasm is associated with Down syndrome?
ALL
and
AML
What neoplasm is associated with Hypercalcemia?
Squamous cell lung cancer
What neoplasm is associated with Polycthemia?
Renal cell carcinoma
Hepatocellular carcinoma
What Neoplasm is associated with SIADH?
Small cell lung cancer
What Neoplasm is associated with ulcerative colitis?
Colonic adenocarcinoma.
What happens if Fibroblast growth factors (HST1) are over expressed?
Stomach cancer
What happens if HGF is over expressed?
Thyroid cancer
What happens if the receptor ERBB2 (HER-2/NEU) is over amplified?
Breast cancer
Ovarian Cancer
What happens if the receptor for neutrophic factors (RET) receives a point mutation?
MEN 2A and 2B
Familial medulary thyroid carcinomas
What happens if there is a point mutation in the KRAS gene?
Pancrease
Colon
Lung Cancer
What happens if there is a translocation in the ABL ene?
Chronic myeloid leukemia
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
What happens if there is a point mutation or over expression of the B-catenin gene in WNT signalling?
Hepatoblastomas and
Hepatocellular carcinoma
What happens if there is a translocation of the c-Myc gene?
Burkitt lymphoma
What happens if there is an amplification of the N-myc gene?
Neuroblastoma
Small cell carcinoma of the lung
What hapens if there is a translocation of the Cyclin D gene?
Mantle cell lymphoma
What happens if there is an amplification of the Cyclin D gene?
Breast and esophageal cancer.
