last minute Flashcards
HONK
Hyper Osmolar Non Ketotic
What is HONK? Why doesn’t it cause DKA?
Relative insulin deficiency seen very occasionally in type 2 DM. There is sufficient insulin to prevent gluconeogenesis and therefore ketoacidosis but not enough to prevent hyperglycaemia
Treatment for HONK/HHS
Fluid management, insulin therapy, pottasium management, Monitoring, hourly BSLs, ABG for electrolytes or UEC
continue iv fluids and insulin for 24 hrs after stabilisation
convert to oral hypoglycaemic agents or subcutaneous insulin, education
Treatment of DKA
Fluid management, insulin therapy, pottasium management,
leukaemia chronic/acute
Acute: rapid and the wbc are immature, Chronic gradual onset, mature wbc
Gluconeogenesis
synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources