Larynx (week 3) Flashcards
Name the 6 laryngeal cartilages
Epiglottic, Thyroid, Cricoid, Arytenoid, Corniculate and Cuneiform
3 functions of the Larynx
- Maintain patency for airflow
- Vocalization
- Prevent entry of foreign objects when swallowing
Where does the stalk of the epiglottis attach?
Into the Thyroid cartilage
What other bone does the Superior horn of the Thyroid cartilage articulate with?
Hyoid bone
Inferior horn of thyroid cartilage articulates with what other structure?
Cricoid cartilage
Thyrohyoid membrane connects what two structures?
Hyoid bone and Thyroid cartilage
The three ligaments that make up the Conus Elasticus
Median Cricothyroid ligament
Lateral Cricothyroid ligament
Vocal ligament
Hyoepiglottic ligament attaches what two structures
Hyoid bone and epligottis
Thyroepiglottic ligament attaches what two structures
Thyroid cartilage and epiglottis
Quadrangular membrane is made up of what two ligaments?
Vestibular ligament (bottom of quadrangular mem.) and Aryepiglottic ligament (top of quadrangular mem.)
The Vestibular ligament is where in relation to the Vocal ligament
Superior
Which folds are considered the False folds and True folds
False: Vestibular folds
True: Vocal folds
What three things make up Level II of the Interior Larynx
Vestibular folds, Vestibule and Vocal folds
What are the boundaries of Level III of the Interior Larynx
Vocal folds to Tracheal rings
Most Intrinsic muscles of the Larynx are innervated by what nerve?
Recurrent Laryngeal nerve
What muscle is innervated by the External Laryngeal nerve
Cricothyroid
Attachments of Cricothyroid
Cricoid cartilage to inferior border of Thyroid cartilage
Action of Cricothyroid
Stretches and Tenses vocal cords
Increases pitch
Attachments of Posterior Cricoarytenoid
Posterior cricoid cartilage to the muscular processes of the arytenoid cartilage
Action of Posterior Cricoarytenoid
Abducts or opens vocal cord
Lateral Cricorytenoid attachments
Lateral arch of cricoid to muscular process of arytenoid cartilage
Action of Lateral Cricoarytenoid
Adducts or closes vocal cords
Cricothyroid is innervated by what nerve?
External Laryngeal nerve
Attachment of Thyroarytenoid
Internal aspect of thyroid lamina to muscular process of arytenoid cartilage
Action of Thyroarytenoid
Relaxes vocal cords (lowers voice)
Attachments of Transverse Arytenoids
Attach one arytenoid to the other
Action of Transverse Arytenoids
Adducts arytenoids and vocal cords to close the glottis
Attachment of Oblique arytenoids (aryepiglottic)
From one arytenoid cartilage to the epiglottis on the opposite side
Action of Oblique Arytenoids
Approximates epiglottis and arytenoids to close glottis
Attachment of Vocalis
Arytenoids to vocal ligament
Action of Vocalis
Shortens vocal cords and provides selective tensing and relaxing
What branch of the External Carotid supplies blood to the larynx
Superior thyroid
What branch of the Superior Thyroid artery supplies blood to the larynx
Superior Laryngeal
What branch of the Subclavian artery has branches that supplies blood to larynx
Thyrocervical trunk
Describe the pathway of branches from the subclavian artery to the larynx
Subclavian Artery –> Thyrocervical Trunk –> Inferior Thyroid –> Inferior Laryngeal
Describe brief pathway of motor innervation to the Cricothyroid muscle
Superior laryngeal nerve –> External laryngeal nerve
What cranial nerve innervates general sensory to the larynx muscles
Vagus (CN X)
Pathway of general sensory innervation above vocal cords
Superior Laryngeal nerve –> Internal Laryngeal nerve
Parasympathetic innervation of larynx is provided by what CN
Vagus (CN X)
