Larynx I -functions, extrinsic laryngeal m.m., hyoid bone

Question 1

The larynyx is a tube ______ from the skull and mandible and ____ by the sternum and scapula

Answer 1

suspended

stabilized

Question 2

What type of air flow through a normal trachea? An injured or diseased trachea?

Answer 2

a) Laminar
b) turbulent

Question 3

What is the calculation for flow through an orifice?

Question 4

List the functions of the Larynx

Answer 4

1. Gas passage into & out of the lung
2. protection of lungs from liquids & solids
3. phonation
4. closure of glottis to maintain an increased intra thoracic/abdominal pressure (i.e. coughing, lifting, defecation, parturition)

Question 5

You’re looking at a lateral view X-ray, what vertebral levels do the following structures relate to:

Hyoid bone

Thyroid cartilage

Cricoid cartilage

Answer 5

Hyoid = C3

thyroid cartilage = C4-C5

Cricoid cartilage = C6

Note = vocal cords are a C4-C5

Question 6

What part of the hyoid and thyroid cartilage can not be paplated on exam?

Answer 6

the lesser horns

(NOTE: clinical term for horn in cornu or cornua)

Question 7

What is the fulcrum point of larynx?

Answer 7

hyoid bone

Question 8

Extrinsic laryngeal muscles suspension and stabilization image

Answer 8

Question 9

extrinsic larynx muscles image

Answer 9

Question 10

Identify the numbered muscles

Answer 10

1. hypoglossus
2. mylohyoid (cut)
3. geniohyoid
4. stylohyoid
5. diagastric (cut)

Question 11

What is true of the palatoglossus muscle?

Answer 11

1. only muscle of tongue that is NOT innervated by CN XII (it is innervated by CN X)
2. forms the palatoglossal arch (anterior arch)
3. Elevates posterior tongue, closes the oropharyngeal isthmus, and aids initiation of swallowing

Question 12

what is true of the palatopharyngeus muscle?

Answer 12

1. forms the palatoharyngeal arch
2. palatopharyngeus muscles, by their contraction, pull the pharynx upward over the bolus of food and nearly come together

Question 13

what is the only bone in the larynx?

Answer 13

hyoid bone

(its U shaped)

Question 14

what does the hyoid bone support?

Answer 14

1. insertion of extrinsic laryngeal m.m.
2. attachment of thyrohyoid membrane
3. attachment of hyoepiglottic ligament

Question 15

what is important landmark of related to hyoid bone?

Answer 15

greater cornua (horns)

Dr. Hall uses thumb and 3rd finger to palpate

Note: will can not palpate lesser horns on PE