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Neuro Exam 3 > Larynx > Flashcards

Larynx Flashcards

1
Q

locaiton of larynx

A

anterior to CV3-6

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2
Q

laryngeal auditus

A

superior opening of pharynx

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3
Q

vestibule

A

area proximal (above) vestibular folds

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4
Q

vestibular folds

A

false folds

superior

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5
Q

rima vestibuli

A

area between vestibular folds

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6
Q

ventricle

A

between vestibular and vocal folds

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7
Q

true vocal folds

A

mobile - produce speech

-inferior

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8
Q

rima glottidis

A

opening between true vocal folds

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9
Q

changes in voice pitches

A

variation in tension/length of vocal folds and width of rima glottidis

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10
Q

glottis

A

rima glottidis plus vocal folds

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11
Q

infraglottic cavity

A

below true vocal folds

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12
Q

cricoid cartilage

A

CV6

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13
Q

carotid artery compression

A

cricoid CV6

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14
Q

junction of larynx and trachea and pharynx and esophagus

A

cricoid CV6

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15
Q

tracheotomy

A

airway obstruction

between cricoid and first tracheal cartilage

or between cricoid and thyroid
-cricothyroid ligament

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16
Q

laryngeal cartilages

A 
thyroid
cricoid
arytenoid x2
epiglottic
corniculate x2
cuneiform x2
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17
Q

thyroid cartilage

A

CV4-5

2 lamina fuse anteriorly and remain open posteriorly

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18
Q

cricoid cartilage

A

fixed
CV6

anterior arch and posterior lamina

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19
Q

artyenoid cartilage

A

2x
most mobule
top of posterior cricoid

vocal process - vocal ligament
muscle process - lateral cricoartyenoid muscles

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20
Q

epiglottic cartilage

A

swallowing - muscles of pharynx pull thyroid cartilage up**

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21
Q

ligaments of epiglottic cartilage

A

thyroepiglottic
hyoepiglottic
aryepiglottic
glossoepiglottic

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22
Q

corniculate cartilage

A

2x

atop apex of artyenoid cartilage

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23
Q

cuneiform cartilage

A

within aryepiglottic folds

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24
Q

extrinsic ligaments

A

to outside structure
-keep it in place

thyrohyoid
cricotracheal
hyoepiglottic
glossoepiglottic

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25
Q

how many laryngeal cartilages

A

9

name them

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26
Q

thyrohyoid membrane

A

extrinsic ligament

pierced by internal laryngeal nerve and superior laryngeal artery

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27
Q

intrinsic ligaments

A

quadrangular ligament
cricovocal ligament

convert larynx to tube

28
Q

quadrangular ligament

A

anterior to epiglottic and thyroid

posterior to arytenoid

more superior

forms vestibular ligaments and aryepiglottic ligaments
-covered with mucosa

29
Q

cricovocal ligament

A

aka conus elasticus

cricoid to thyroid and artyenoid

inferior

thickened:

  • median cricothyroid
  • lateral cricothyroid
  • vocal ligament
30
Q

cuneiform and corniculate

A

help maintain inlet

31
Q

false vocal cord

A

quadrangular

32
Q

true vocal cord

A

cricovocal ligament

33
Q

vocal folds

A

from mucosa overlying vocal ligament and vocalis muscle

34
Q

laryngeal ventricle

A

between vestibular and vocal folds

-area of weakness

35
Q

joints of larynx

A

cricothyroid and cricoarthenoid joints

36
Q

cricothyroid ligament

A

cricoid - to inferior horn thyroid
-synovial gliding

thyroid moves on cricoid

change vocal cord length

37
Q

cricoarythenoid joint

A

cricoid - to arytenoid
-synovial gliding and rotate

-arytenoid rotation, glide one another

38
Q

when we speak

A

vocal folds adduct

39
Q

motion of laryngeal cartilages

A

rotation arytenoid
-abduct/adduct

gliding close rima glottitis
-adduct

rotating thyroid
-increase/decrease tension vocal ligaments

40
Q

cricothyroid

A

unique because its from arch 4**

all others arch 6

innervation changes

41
Q

action of cricothyroid

A

tilt thyroid forward to elongate and tighten vocal ligaments

42
Q

action of transverse and oblique artyenoid muscles

A

adduct cartilages

-close laryngeal inlet

43
Q

innervation of cricothyroid

A

external laryngeal branch of superior laryngeal nerve

-only one not innervated by recurrent laryngeal nerve

44
Q

innervation of most larynx

A

recurrent laryngeal nerve

45
Q

action of posterior cricoarytenoid muscle

A

abduct vocal fold

-open rima glottidis

46
Q

action of lateral cricoarytenoid muscle

A

adduct vocal fold

-close rima glottidis

47
Q

action of thyroarytenoid muscle

A

rotates thyroid cartilage back to shorten and loosen vocal ligament

opposition to cricothyroid

48
Q

action of vocalis muscle

A

local control of vocal ligament
-minute adjustments

innermost portion of thyroarytenoid muscle

49
Q

internal laryngeal nerve

A

pierces thyrohyoid membrane

  • GVE-P and GVA proximal to true vocal folds
  • SVA to epiglottic region (taste)
50
Q

cough reflex

A

superior laryngeal nerve stimulation - GVA

causes conraction of laryngeal muscles

vagus - stimulates cough to force air out

51
Q

cough afferent and efferent

A

afferent CN X

efferent CN X

52
Q

superior laryngeal nerve lesion

A

loss of cough reflex

cricothyroid m paralysis - monotonous voice

53
Q

heimlich maneuver

A

increase intrathoracic pressure

dislodge object

54
Q

superior laryngeal nerve block

A

with endotracheal tube

  • between hyoid and superior border of thyroid
  • pierces thyrohyoid membrane and anesthetic to superior laryngeal nerve
55
Q

external laryngeal nerve

A

SVE to cricothyroid muscle

56
Q

superior laryngeal nerve

A

CN X
internal laryngeal nerve
external laryngeal nerve

57
Q

inferior laryngeal nerve

A

CN X
continuation of recurrent
-passes inferior to inferior constrictor muscle

GVE-P and VGA distal to vocal folds
SVE to all muscles of larynx, except cricothyroid

58
Q

infraglottic region innervation

A

inferior laryngeal nerve

59
Q

supraglottic region innervation

A

internal laryngeal nerve from superior laryngeal nerve

60
Q

muscles of larynx innervation**

A

inferior laryngeal nerve

except cricothyroid - external laryngeal nerve from superior laryngeal nerve**

61
Q

injury to recurrent laryngeal nerve

A

bilateral - take away voice

unilateral - hoarse voice

62
Q

blood supply above vocal folds

A

superior laryngeal artery

63
Q

superior laryngeal artery

A

branch of laryngeal artery

-pierces thyrohyoid membrane

64
Q

blood supply below vocal folds

A

inferior laryngeal nerve

65
Q

inferior laryngeal artery

A

branch of inferior thyroid artery

66
Q

cricothyroid artery

A

to cricothyroid muscle

-branch of superior thyroid artery

67
Q

lymph drainage

A

supraglottic - superior deep cervical lymph nodes

infraglottic - inferior deep cervical lymph nodes

Neuro Exam 3 (15 decks)

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