Larynx Flashcards
What are the cartilages of the larynx?
Epiglottic cartilage, Arytenoid Catli age, Circoid Cartilage, Thyroid cartilage
What can you see when looking dead on at the larynx on endoscopy?
Rima glottis, epiglottis, palatopharyngeal arch, arytenoid cartilage, aryepiglotic folds, vocal folds, laryngeal ventricles
What does normal laryngeal function look like?
Asymmetrical abduction and remain abducted, all tissue tense during exercise, epiglottis positioned dorsal to soft palate
What is laryngeal hemiplasia?
Neurogenic atrophy of circoarytenoid dorsalis muscle, loss abducto, inspiratory obstruction (roaring noise)
-Most left sided
-Perivascular injection can cause
What is the grading scale for RLN?
1-4 (4 being really bad)
How do you treat RLN?
Conservative - non athletic - improve fitness
Surgical - tie back, ventriculocordectomy, reinnervation CAD
Where do the sutures go for tie back surgery?
Around caudal circoid cartilage eto muscular arytenodi cartilage
What is arytenoid chondropathy?
Similar LH
-a Arytenoid looks thickened
-Arytenoid deformity - infeciton of cartliage (any side), granuloma can grow, mucosal disruption leading to infection
What diagnostics can help diagnose arytenoid chondropathy?
Ultrasound
How can you treat arytenoid chondropathy?
Medical
Resecrion
Arythenoidectomy
What is an entrapped epiglottis?
Epiglotttis covered by aryepiglotic fold, subepiglotic mucosa
-can still see outline unlike DDSP
-Rarely intermitant
What are some other diseases that can cause epiglotic entrapment?
Cysts, abscesses and granulomas
Why perform dynamic endoscopy?
Assess during activity - ridden or treadmill
What are some indicaitons for dynamic endoscopy?
UR noise, poor performance, recurrence of noise, resting is normal, resting abnormal, watch and listen 1st
Why do some diseases only show up on dynamic endoscopy?
Need negative pressure to incite them (decrease luminal size)
