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Rheumatology - Phase II > Large & Medium vessel vasculitidies > Flashcards

Large & Medium vessel vasculitidies Flashcards

1
Q

What is Giant Cell Arteritis/Temporal Arteritis?

A

Inflammation of the temporal arteries

Effects large vessels

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2
Q

What are the features of Giant Cell Arteritis/Temporal Arteritis?

A 
Headache
Jaw claudication
Temporal artery/scalp tenderness
Prominent temporal arteries, may be pulsation
Amaurosis fugax
Sytemic - Fever, Malaise, Fatigue
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3
Q

What is Amaurosis fugax?

A

Painless transient monocular vision loss due to reduced arterial blood flow eg from a clot or granulomatous formation (In giant cell arteritis)

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4
Q

What is the management of a patient with suspected Giant Cell Arteritis/Temporal Arteritis?

A

Do ESR + Start 40-60mg prednisolone immediately (As delay may cause permanent damage)
Patient will have high ESR/CRP
ALP will be raised
Low Hb with High platelets
Do a temporal artery biopsy within 3 days

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5
Q

What is the management of a patient with Giant Cell Arteritis/Temporal Arteritis after their initial steroids?

A

Gradually reduce steroids dependent on symptoms and ESR

PPI + Alendronate (Prevents bone breakdown) cover for steroids

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6
Q

What is the epidemiology of Takayasu’s Arteritis?

A

Rare outside Japan

Middle aged females

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7
Q

What are the vessels commonly effected by Takayasu’s Arteritis?

A

Large vessels
Aorta
Pulmonary arteries

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8
Q

What are the features of Takayasu’s Arteritis?

A

Weak pulses in upper extremeties
Visual disturbances
HTN
Fever, Fatigue, wt. loss

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9
Q

What is the treatment for Takayasu’s Arteritis?

A

Corticosteroids +/- Cytotoxics

Control HTN eg ACEi

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10
Q

What is the epidemiology of Polyarteritis Nodosa?

A

Middle aged females
Rare in UK
Associated with Hep B

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11
Q

What is pathology of Polyarteritis Nodosa?

A

Effects medium sized vessels
Spares pulmonary circulation
Tends to involve renal or visceral vessels
Small aneurysms occur in line called rosary sign

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12
Q

What are the features of Polyarteritis Nodosa?

A

Rash
Renal damage causing HTN
Melaena
Abdominal pain

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13
Q

What is the treatment of Polyarteritis Nodosa?

A

Prednisolone + Cyclophosphamide

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14
Q

What is Kawasaki’s Disease?

A

Childhood varient of Polyarteritis Nodosa

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15
Q

What are the features of Kawasaki’s Disease?

A 
5 day fever
Bilateral non purulent conjunctivitis
Oral mucositis
Cervical lymphadenopathy
Polymorphic rash
Erythema + desquamation
Coronary artery aneurysms
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16
Q

What is the treatment of Kawasaki’s Disease?

A

IV Ig

Aspirin

Rheumatology - Phase II (14 decks)

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