Large intestine

Question 1

is the portion of the digestive tract extending from the ileocecal junction to the anus.

Answer 1

large intestine

Question 2

is the proximal end of the large intestine, where it meets the small intestine at the ileocecal junction.

Answer 2

cecum

Question 3

vermiform appendix

Answer 3

is a smaller, blind tube about 9 cm long attached to the cecum.

Question 4

TRUE OR FALSE

The walls of the appendix contain many lymphatic nodules, which contribute to immune functions.

Answer 4

true

Question 5

about 1.5-1.8 m long, consists of four parts:
(1) ascending colon, (2) transverse colon, (3) descending colon, and (4) sigmoid colon

Answer 5

colon

Question 6

extends superiorly from the cecum and ends at the right colic flexure (hepatic flexure) near the right inferior margin of the liver.

Answer 6

ascending colon

Question 7

extends from the right colic flexure to the left colic flexure (splenic flexure),

Answer 7

transverse colon

Question 8

extends from the left colic flexure to the superior opening of the true pelvis, where it becomes the sigmoid colon.

Answer 8

descending colon

Question 9

forms an S-shaped tube that extends into the pelvis and ends at the rectum.

Answer 9

sigmoid colon

Question 10

the longitudinal layer forms three bands, called ______

run the length of the colon

Answer 10

teniae coli

Question 11

Contractions of the teniae coli cause pouches to form along the length of the colon, giving it a puckered appearance.

Answer 11

haustra

Question 12

lipid-filled connective tissue pouches

attached to the outer surface of the colon along its length

Answer 12

omental appendages

Question 13

This epithelium is not formed into folds or villi like that of the small intestine but has numerous, straight, tubular glands called _____

Answer 13

crypts

Question 14

is a straight, muscular tube that begins at the distal end of the sigmoid colon and ends at the anal canal

Answer 14

rectum

Question 15

last 2-3 cm of the digestive tract

Answer 15

anal canal

Question 16

TRUE OR FLASE
anal begins at the inferior end of the rectum and ends at the anus (external digestive tract opening).

Answer 16

TRUE

Question 17

The smooth muscle layer of the anal canal is even thicker than that of the rectum and forms the__________ at its superior end.

Answer 17

internal anal sphincter

Question 18

Skeletal muscle forms the______________ at the inferior end of the canal.

Answer 18

external anal sphincter

Question 19

Rectal veins that supply the anal canal can become enlarged or inflamed, a condition known as______

cause pain, itching, and bleeding around the anus.

Answer 19

Hemorrhoids

Question 20

An abnormally frequent discharge of watery feces is called_______

Answer 20

diarrhea

Question 21

large parts of the transverse and descending colon undergo several strong contrac-tions, called______________.

Answer 21

mass movements

Question 22

are initiated by distension in the stomach,

Answer 22

Gastrocolic reflexes

Question 23

are initiated by distension in the duodenum.

Answer 23

duodenocolic reflexes

Question 24

consists of local and parasympathetic reflexes

Answer 24

defecation reflex

Question 25

prevent defeca-tion.

Answer 25

anal sphincters