cardiovascular system: Dynamics of Blood Circulation

Question 1

Fluid, including blood, tends to flow through long, smooth-walled tubes in a streamlined fashion called____

Answer 1

laminar flow

Question 2

Laminar flow is interrupted and becomes________ when the rate of flow exceeds a critical velocity or when the fluid passes a constriction, a sharp turn, or a rough surface

Answer 2

turbulent flow

Question 3

is a measure of the force blood exerts against blood vessel walls.

Answer 3

blood pressure

Question 4

measures blood pressure in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg).

Answer 4

mercury (Hg) manometer

Question 5

(TRUE OR FALSE)

A blood pressure of 100 mm Hg is great enough to lift a column of mercury 100 mm.

Answer 5

true

Question 6

Blood pressure can be measured directly by inserting a________ into a blood vessel and connecting a manometer or an electronic pressure transducer to it.

Answer 6

cannula (tube)

Question 7

Health professionals most often use the ____________ to measure blood pressure.

Answer 7

auscultatory method

Question 8

They wrap a blood pressure cuff connected to a________ around a patient’s arm just above the elbow and place a stethoscope over the brachial artery.

Answer 8

sphygmomanometer

Question 9

These sounds are called

Answer 9

Korotkoff sound

Question 10

and the pressure at which a Korotkoff sound is first heard represents the_______

Answer 10

systolic pressure

Question 11

The pressure at which continuous laminar flow is reestablished

Answer 11

diastolic pressure.

Question 12

which blood or any other liquid flows through a tube can be expressed as the volume that passes a specific point per unit of time.

Answer 12

rate

Question 13

When the equation for resistance is combined with the equation for flow, the following relationship

Answer 13

Poiseuille’s

Question 14

is a measure of a liquid’s resistance to flow.

Answer 14

Viscosity

Question 15

The viscosity of blood is influenced largely by______

which is the percentage of the total blood volume composed of red blood cells

Answer 15

hematocrit

Question 16

Each blood vessel exhibits a__________, the pressure below which the vessel collapses and blood flow through the vessel stops.

Answer 16

critical closing pressure

Question 17

which helps explain the critical closing pressure, states that the force that stretches the vascular wall is proportional to the diameter of the vessel times the blood pressure.

Answer 17

Laplace’s law,

Question 18

Sometimes a part of an arterial wall becomes weakened and a bulge, called an________, forms in it.

Answer 18

aneurysm