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anaphy BOOKBASED > Cardiovascular System: Anatomy of a heart > Flashcards

Cardiovascular System: Anatomy of a heart Flashcards

1
Q

is a double-layered, closed sac that surrounds the heart

A

pericardium

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2
Q

fibrous connective tissue outer layer consisting pericardium

A

fibrous pericardium

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3
Q

thin, transparent, inner layer of simple squamous epithelium

A

serous pericardium

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4
Q

part of the serous pericardium lining the fibrous pericardium

A

parietal pericardium

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5
Q

part covering the heart surface

A

visceral pericardium

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6
Q

helps reduce friction as the heart moves within the pericardial sac.

A

pericardial fluid

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7
Q

space between the visceral and paricarperAt cardia, is filled with a thin layer of serous pericardial fluid,

A

pericardial cavity

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8
Q

heart wall is composed of three layers of tissue:

A

the epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium

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9
Q

is a thin serous membrane that constitutes the smooth, outer surface of the heart.

A

epicardium or visceral pericardium

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10
Q

thick, middle layer of the heart

A

myocardium

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11
Q

is composed of cardiac muscle cells and is responsible for the heart’s ability to contract.

A

myocardium

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12
Q

The smooth, inner surface of the heart chambers

A

endocardium

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13
Q

consists of simple squamous epithelium over a layer of connective tissue.

A

endocardium

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14
Q

interior of both auricles and a part of the right atrial wall contain muscular ridges

A

pectinate muscle

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15
Q

The pectinate muscles of the right atrium are separated from the larger, smooth portions of the atrial wall by a ridge

A

crista terminalis

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16
Q

The interior walls of the ventricles contain larger, muscular ridges and columns

A

trabeculae carneae

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17
Q

heart consists of four chambers:

A

two atria, two venticles

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18
Q

are extensions of the atria that can be seen anteriorly between each atrium and ventricle.

A

flaplike auricles

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19
Q

large veins carry blood to the heart

A

superior and inferior vena cava

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20
Q

carry blood from the body to the right atrium,

A

superior and inferior vena cava

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21
Q

carry blood from the lungs to the left atrium

A

pulmonary veins

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22
Q

The aorta carries blood from the left ventricle to the body, and the pulmonary trunk carries blood from the right ventricle to the lungs.

23
Q

runs obliquely around the heart, separating the atria from the ventricles.

A

coronary sulcus

24
Q

is on the anterior surface of the heart,

A

anterior interventricular sulcus

25
Q

is on the posterior surface of the heart.

A

posterior interventricular

26
Q

In a healthy, intact heart, the sulci are covered by adipose tissue, and only after this tissue is removed can they be seen.

27
Q

exit the aorta just above the point where the aorta leaves the heart and lie within the coronary sulcus

A

right and left coronary arteries

28
Q

The right coronary artery is usually smaller in diameter than the left one, and it does not carry as much blood as the left coronary artery.

29
Q

major branch of the left coronary artery

A

anterior interventricular artery or left anterior descending artery,

30
Q

extends inferiorly in the anterior interventricular sulcus and supplies blood to most of the anterior part of the heart.

A

anterior interventricular artery, or left anterior descending artery

31
Q

branches from the left coronary artery to supply blood to the lateral wall of the left ventricle.

A

left marginal artery

32
Q

branches from the left coronary artery and extends around to the posterior side of the heart in the coronary sulcus.

A

circumflex artery

33
Q

larger branch of the right coronary artery

A

right marginal artery,

34
Q

A branch of the right coronary artery, that lies in the posterior interventricular sulcus and supplies blood to the posterior and inferior part of the heart.

A

posterior interventricular artery

35
Q

anastamoses

A

direct connections, either between branches of a given artery or between branches of different arteries

36
Q

The major vein draining the tissue on the left side of the heart

A

great cardiac vein

37
Q

drains the right margin of the heart

A

small cardiac vein

38
Q

great cardiac vein, and a small cardiac vein converge toward the posterior part of the coronary sulcus and empty into a large venous cavity called

A

coronary sinus

39
Q

has three major openings: The openings from the superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava receive blood from the body, and the opening of the coronary sinus receives blood from the heart itself

A

right atrium

40
Q

has four relatively uniform openings that receive blood from the four pulmonary veins from the lungs.

A

left atrium

41
Q

The two atria are separated from each other by the____

A

interatrial septum

42
Q

a slight, oval depression on the right side of the septum marking the former location of the foramen ovale

A

fossa ovalis

43
Q

The atria open into the ventricles through________

A

atrioventricular canals

44
Q

opens into the pulmonary trunk

A

right ventricle

45
Q

opens into the aorta.

A

left ventricle

46
Q

two ventricles are separated from each other by________

A

interventricular septum

47
Q

which has a thick, muscular part toward the apex and a thin, membranous part toward the atria.

A

interventricular septum

48
Q

is in each atrioventricular canal and is composed of cusps, or flaps.

A

atrioventricular valve

49
Q

allow blood to flow from the atria into the ventricles but prevent blood from flowing back into the atria.

A

artioventicular valve

50
Q

The atrioventricular valve between the right atrium and the right ventricle has three cusps and is therefore called the_______

A

tricuspid valve

51
Q

The atrioventricular valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle has two cusps and is therefore called the________

A

bicuspid valve

52
Q

contains cone-shaped, muscular pillars

A

papillary muscle

53
Q

papillary muscles are attached by thin, strong connective tissue strings called______

A

chordae tendineae

54
Q

located Within the aorta and pulmonary trunk

A

aortic semilunar and pulmonary semilunar valves

anaphy BOOKBASED (11 decks)

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