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RUSVM Anatomy II > Large Animal Head > Flashcards

Large Animal Head Flashcards

1
Q

T/F: Sinues are completely developed at birth

A

False

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2
Q

Sinuses reach full development approximately at the age of ________.

A

Sinuses reach full development approximately at the age of 5 years.

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3
Q

The rostral border of the equine frontal sinus is

A

The rostral border of the equine frontal sinus is between the orbit and infraorbital foramen

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4
Q

The medial border of the equine frontal sinus is

A

The medial border of the equine frontal sinus is 2 cm from the midline of the the skull

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5
Q

The caudal border of the equine frontal sinus is

A

The caudal border of the equine frontal sinus is the zygomatic process of the frontal bone

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6
Q

The lateral border of the equine frontal sinus is

A

The lateral border of the equine frontal sinus is the supraorbital foramen

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7
Q

The rostral border of the bovine frontal sinus is

A

The rostral border of the bovine frontal sinus is the rostral border of the orbit

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8
Q

The caudal border of the bovine frontal sinus is

A

The caudal border of the bovine frontal sinus is the base of the skull

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9
Q

The caudal section of the bovine frontal sinus consists of what three sections

A

Post-orbital diverticulum

Cornual diverticulum

Nuchal diverticulum

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10
Q

The frontal sinus communicates freely with the caudal maxillary sinus through the ____________.

A

The frontal sinus communicates freely with the caudal maxillary sinus through the frontomaxillary opening.

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11
Q

T/F: There is direct communication between the frontal sinus and the nasal cavity.

A

False

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12
Q

The rostral border of the equine maxillary sinus is

A

The rostral border of the equine maxillary sinus is the facial crest/ infraorbital foramen

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13
Q

The ventral border of the equine maxillary sinus is

A

The ventral border of the equine maxillary sinus is the facial crest

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14
Q

The caudal border of the equine maxillary sinus is

A

The caudal border of the equine maxillary sinus is the rostral orbit

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15
Q

The dorsal border of the equine maxillary sinus is

A

The dorsal border of the equine maxillary sinus is line of the infraorbital foramen parallel to the facial crest

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16
Q

The rostral border of the bovine maxillary sinus is

A

The rostral border of the bovine maxillary sinus is the facial tuberosity

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17
Q

The ventral border of the bovine maxillary sinus is

A

The ventral border of the bovine maxillary sinus is the line from the zygomatic arch to facial tuberosity

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18
Q

The caudal border of the bovine maxillary sinus is

A

The caudal border of the bovine maxillary sinus is the rostral border of the orbit

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19
Q

The dorsal border of the bovine maxillary sinus is

A

The dorsal border of the bovine maxillary sinus is the medial angle of the eye to infraorbital foramen

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20
Q

The maxillary sinus communicates with the nasal cavity through the _____________.

A

The maxillary sinus communicates with the nasal cavity through the nasomaxillary opening.

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21
Q

Rostral and caudal components of the equine maxillary sinuse are separated by an __________.

A

Rostral and caudal components of the equine maxillary sinuse are separated by an oblique septum.

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22
Q

Rostral compartment of the maxillary sinus is divided into medial and lateral components by the _____________.

A

Rostral compartment of the maxillary sinus is divided into medial and lateral components by the infraorbital canal.

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23
Q

Medial component of the equine maxillary sinus communicates with the ___________ sinus.

A

Medial component of the equine maxillary sinus communicates with the sphenopalatine sinus.

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24
Q

T/F: The maxillary sinuse of the bovine does not communicate with the frontal sinus

A

True

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25
Q

The maxillary sinuse of the equine contains roots of what teeth?

A

PM4 and M1-3

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26
Q

__________ sinus: absent in carnivores and pigs.

A

Palatine sinus: absent in carnivores and pigs.

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27
Q

________ sinus: absent in dogs and small ruminants

A

Sphenoid sinus: absent in dogs and small ruminants

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28
Q

______ sinus: only found in pigs and ruminants

A

Lacrimal sinus: only found in pigs and ruminants

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29
Q

___________ sinus: cutaneous pouch located rostral to medial angle of the eye, only found in sheep and some deer.

A

Infraorbital sinus: cutaneous pouch located rostral to medial angle of the eye, only found in sheep and some deer.

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30
Q

The clinical significance of sinuses is _________.

A

The clinical significance of sinuses is infection.

31
Q

Equine Dental Formula

A

3 - 1 - 3/4 - 3

3 - 1 - 3/4 - 3

32
Q

Bovine Dental Formula

A

0 - 0 - 3 - 3

3 - 1 - 3 - 3

33
Q

The canine tooth is more common in ______.

A

The canine tooth is more common in males.

34
Q

Premolar 1 if present in the equine is called the ____________.

A

Premolar 1 if present in the equine is called the wolf tooth.

35
Q

Eruption dates of the equine adult incisors

A

I 1 - 2.5y

I 2- 3.5y

I 3 - 4.5y

36
Q

Eruption dates of the equine adult canines

A

4 -5 years

37
Q

Eruption dates of the equine adult premolars

A

P1 - 5-6m

P2 - 2.5y

P3 - 3y

P4 - 4y

38
Q

Eruption dates of the equine adult molars

A

M1 - 1y

M2 - 2y

M3 - 3.5-4y

39
Q

The bovine dentition is unique due to its ___________ located in the upper arcade.

A

The bovine dentition is unique due to its dental pad located in the upper arcade.

40
Q

The mandibular lymph node is associated with the _____________.

A

The mandibular lymph node is associated with the Linguofacial Vein.

41
Q

The _________ is assoicated with the guttural pouch and runs with the internal carotid artery.

A

The retropharyngeal lymph node is assoicated with the guttural pouch and runs with the internal carotid artery.

42
Q

The retropharyngeal lymph node is important clinically due to the inflammation caused by ________ disease.

A

The retropharyngeal lymph node is important clinically due to the inflammation caused by Strangles disease

43
Q

The ________ lymph node is not visible unless a chronic infection is present.

A

The Parotid lymph node is not visible unless a chronic infection is present.

44
Q

Guttural pouches are bound laterally by

A

Guttural pouches are bound laterally by pterygoid muscles and mandibular salivary glands

45
Q

Medial and lateral compartments of the guttural pouch are separated by _______________.

A

Medial and lateral compartments of the guttural pouch are separated by stylohyoid bones.

46
Q

The _______ compartment of the guttural pouch is larger.

A

The medial compartment of the guttural pouch is larger.

47
Q

Structures associated with the medial guttural pouch

A

Cranial Nerves IX - XII

Sympathetic Trunk

Internal Caroid Artery

48
Q

Structures associated with the lateral guttural pouch

A

External Carotid Artery

49
Q

Boundaries of Viborgs Triangle

A

Caudal angle of Mandible

Linguofacial Vein

Sternocephalicus

50
Q

The guttural pouch communicates with the nasopharynx through the ___________.

A

The guttural pouch communicates with the nasopharynx through the pharyngeal opening.

51
Q

___________ is an important muscle of the the Flehmens response.

A

Levator labii superioris is an important muscle of the the Flehmens response.

52
Q

The tendon of the levator labii superioris muscle can be used as a landmark for the ____________.

A

The tendon of the levator labii superioris muscle can be used as a landmark for the infraorbital nerve.

53
Q

____________ differentiates the external jugular vein from the common carotid artery.

A

Jugular Groove differentiates the external jugular vein from the common carotid artery.

54
Q

Borders of the jugular groove

A

Brachiocephalicus

Omohyoideus

Sternocephalicus

55
Q

_____________ must be displaced to place an endotracheal tube.

A

Epiglottic cartilage must be displaced to place an endotracheal tube.

56
Q

Arytenoid cartilage of equines have a _________ process only.

A

Arytenoid cartilage of equines have a corniculate process only.

57
Q

Due to the placement of the epiglottis, equids are

A

Due to the placement of the epiglottis, equids are obligate nasal breathers

58
Q

Nasogastric tubes are place through the __________.

A

Nasogastric tubes are place through the ventral nasal meatus.

59
Q

____________ interferes with breathing, epiglottis is not seen on endoscopic exam

A

Dorsal Displacement of Soft Palate interferes with breathing, epiglottis is not seen on endoscopic exam

60
Q

_____________ is partial paralysis of intrinsic laryngeal muscles (Cricoarytenoideus dorsalis).

A

Laryngeal Hemiplegia is partial paralysis of intrinsic laryngeal muscles (Cricoarytenoideus dorsalis).

61
Q

___________ has a small carotid sinus.

A

Internal carotid artery has a small carotid sinus.

62
Q

___________ at the mandibular notch can be used for a pulse.

A

Facial Artery at the mandibular notch can be used for a pulse.

63
Q

____________ at the facial crest can be used for a pulse.

A

Transverse Facial Artery at the facial crest can be used for a pulse.

64
Q

____________ runs with the Facial Artery and Vein.

A

Parotid runs with the Facial Artery and Vein.

65
Q

_____________ is used for venipuncture.

A

External Jugular Vein is used for venipuncture.

66
Q

_________ drains the orbit

A

Deep Facial Vein drains the orbit

67
Q

_____________ can be used for venipuncture when the animal is anesthetized.

A

Transverse Facial Vein can be used for venipuncture when the animal is anesthetized.

68
Q

The __________ is a branch off of the Opthalmic branch off the Trigeminal Nerve, it supplies touch sensation to the superior palpebra.

A

The Supraorbital Nerve is a branch off of the Opthalmic branch off the Trigeminal Nerve, it supplies touch sensation to the superior palpebra.

69
Q

In the bovine, the ___________ is a branch off the Maxillary branch of Trigeminal, it innervates the dermis of the horn.

A

In the bovine, the Cornual Nerve is a branch off the Maxillary branch of Trigeminal, it innervates the dermis of the horn.

70
Q

The _________ should be blocked when dehorning calves.

A

The Cornual Nerve should be blocked when dehorning calves.

71
Q

The __________ runs with the Mylohyoid Nerve.

A

The Inferior Alveolar runs with the Mylohyoid Nerve.

72
Q

_______________ joins the Facial Nerve at the Buccal Branches.

A

Auriculotemporal Nerve joins the Facial Nerve at the Buccal Branches.

73
Q

Paralysis of the Buccinator muscle due to _____________ damage can result in food caught between the cheek and teeth.

A

Paralysis of the Buccinator muscle due to Facial Nerve damage can result in food caught between the cheek and teeth.

74
Q

Glossopharyngeal and Vagus Nerves are associated with the ___________.

A

Glossopharyngeal and Vagus Nerves are associated with the guttural pouch.

RUSVM Anatomy II (15 decks)

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