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French Wine Scholar > Languedoc-Roussilon > Flashcards

Languedoc-Roussilon Flashcards

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1
Q

2 events in 19th century that lead Languedoc to become French #1 producer

A

1855: Railway Paris-Lyon-Marseille, inexpensive wine could be transported north for low cost

1863 Phylloxera, Languedoc replanted quickly on american root stock

by 1900 Languedoc became France #1 producer, producing almost half of french wine

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2
Q

Importance of Coops Languedoc

A

approx. 150 coops, responsible for 65% of production

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3
Q

Garrigue

A

Limestone soils in south of France, very poor in nutritients, delivers red & whites with high acidity & polished tannis

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4
Q

AOC Languedoc
Winstyles
Origin of fruit
Grapes

A 
Includes fruit from Roussillon
79% red, 21% rosé, 8% white
Red: 
Grenache, Llandoner Pelut, Syrah, Mourvèdre (min 50%)
Cinsault, Carignan (max 40%)
By law blends of at least 2 variatels
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5
Q

Are there single variaty wines from Languedoc AOC?

A

No, by law blends of min 2 varietals

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6
Q

AOC Languedoc - DGC

A

Dénominations Géographiques Complémentaires (districts)
12 different districts allowed,
if DGC on label fruit has to be from zone.

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7
Q

2 AOCs of Languedoc that only produce white wine, grapes & soils

A

Clairette du Languedoc AOC
Clairette, Limestone

Picpoul de Pinet AOC
Picpoul, Limestone

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8
Q

Faugères Cru AOC

wine style, grapes, location

A

85% red
Syrah, Grenache, Mourvèdre, Carignan, Cinsault

Within foothills of Cévennes Mountains

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9
Q

Term ‘Cru’ in Languedoc / Roussillon

How many Cu AOC’s in Languedoc?

A

not legally defined, simply implies statu

6 Cru AOC’s in Languedoc

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10
Q

How many ‘Cru’ appellations in Languedoc

A

6

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11
Q

Lladoner Pelut

A

Red grape, common in Languedoc–Roussillon

Mutation of Grenache-Noir

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12
Q

Terrasses du Larzac AOC

winestyle & grapes

A

only red
Syrah, Grenache, Mourvèdre (min 60%)
Carignan, Cinsault (max 30%)

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13
Q

Terrasses du Larzac AOC

location & climate

A

On foot of Larzac plateau
Continental influences, more rainfall
high diurnal temp differences

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14
Q

Minervois AOC

red grapes

A

Syrah based with high proportions of Grenache, Mourvèdre (GSM min 60%)

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15
Q

biggest non regional AOC in Languedoc

and winestyle

A

Corbières AOC

mostly red, Carignan based

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16
Q

Names for Carignan in Spain

A

Cariñena, Mazuelo

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17
Q

Winestyle produced by Carignan grape

A

well structured tannic reds with good acidity

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18
Q

Fitou AOC

winestyle and grapes

A

only red
Carignan/Grenache (min 60%)
Syrah, Mourvèdre

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19
Q

2 subzones of Fitou AOC and soils

A

Fitou Maritime - Clay, Limestone

Haut Fitou - Limestone, Sandstone

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20
Q

Which AOC in Languedoc has an equal split between Atlantic and Mediterranean varieties?

A

Cabardès AOC

Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc (min 40%)
Syrah, Grenache (min 40%)

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21
Q

Malepère AOC

winestyles and grapes

A

70% red, 30% rosé

Red: Merlot (min. 50%), Côt (min 20%), Cabernet Franc (min 20%)

Rosé: min. 50% Cabernet Franc

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22
Q

Which Languedoc AOC is divided into Atlantic Corridor and Mountain / hillsides, name the 2 subzones

A

Fitou AOC

Fitou Maritime
Haut Fitou

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23
Q

Which Languedoc AOC is divided into Atlantic Corridor and Mountain / hillsides, name the 2 subzones

A

Fitou AOC

Fitou Maritime
Haut Fitou

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24
Q

Only grape variety used in Roussillon and not in Languedoc

A

Tourbat (Malvoisie du Roussillon) - white grape

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25
Q

Synonym of Tourbat (white grape variety used in Roussillon but not in Languedoc) in Roussillon

A

Malvoisie du Roussillon

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26
Q

Vins Doux Naturel Languedoc - grapes, production standards

A 
100% Muscat à Petits Grains Blanc
Hand Harvested
Mutage to min 15% alcohol
min residual sugar 11% (except Muscat de Saint Jean de Minervois: 12.5%)
Reductive
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27
Q

4 VDN AOC’s in Languedoc and min residual sugar

A

Muscat de Lunel AOC - 11%
Muscat de Mireval AOC - 11%
Muscat de Frontignan AOC - 11%
Muscat de Saint Jean de Minervois AOC - 12.5%

Grape: Muscat à Petits Grains
Hand Harvet
Mutage to 15% alcohol

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28
Q

What wine style is Roussillon known for?

A

Vins Doux Naturels, 80% of french production

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29
Q

Climate Roussillon

A

Mediterranean, sunniest region of France, in rain shadow of Pyrénées

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30
Q

Tramontane

A

Strong north wind in Roussillon, like Mistral dries and concentrates sugar in grapes, minimizes risks od disease

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31
Q

Where does the name “Roussillon” come from

A

Rousse - red clay, common in area

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32
Q

Rousse

A

Red clay in Roussillon, iron rich, sandy, water retaining, Roussillon got name from it

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33
Q

Wine Styles produced in
Côtes du Roussillon AOC
Côtes du Roussillon Villages AOC

A

Côtes du Roussillon AOC:
Red (80%), Rosé, White

Côtes du Roussillon Villages AOC
Res only, Grenache based, but blend of min 2 varieties

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34
Q

How many villages, considered cru, can add their name to Côtes du Roussillon Villages AOC

A

4

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35
Q

Grapes used in Côtes du Roussillon Villages AOC

A

Red only
Grenache, Carignan, Lladoner Pelut, Syrah, Mourvèdre

Grenache base, but blends of min 2 varieties, max. 70% of one grape

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36
Q

With what VDN AOC does Collioure AOC (Roussillon) share the same area

A

Banylus AOC

Banylus Grand Cru AOC

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37
Q

Only 100% white VDN AOC in Roussillon and grapes

A

Muscat de Rivesalte AOC
Muscat à petits grains
Muscat d’Alexandrie

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38
Q

5 VDN AOC, in Roussillon and style

A 
Rivesaltes AOC (red/white)
Maury AOC (red/white)
Banylus AOC (red/rosé/white)
Banylus Grand Cru AOC (red)
Muscat de Rivesaltes (white)
39
Q

Winestyles Maurie AOC (Roussillon)

A

Maurie sec: Dry red (sec on label)

VDN: Red & White

40
Q

Bonbonne

A

Glass jars in which VDN can be aged

41
Q

Hors D’Age

A

Oxidized VDN with min. ageing of 5 years

42
Q

Wine styles Banyuls AOC & Banyuls Cru AOC

A

VDN
Banyuls AOC - red, rosé, white
Banyuls Grand Cru AOC - red only, min 75 % Grenache Noir

43
Q

Arnaud de Villeneuve

A

1285, invented Mutage

44
Q

IGP Pay’s d’Oc

A

Most important IGP in France, 67% of IGP production

Fruit can come from Languedoc & Roussillion

45
Q

IGP Pay’s d’Oc

A

Most important IGP in France, 67% of IGP production

Fruit can come from Languedoc & Roussillion

46
Q

Which grape is the historical backbone of Languedoc red blends

A

Carignan

47
Q

Languedoc: How many grape varieties are approved for IGP wines

A

56

48
Q

2 non-fortified AOC’’s along Languedoc coastal plain and wine styles

A

Picpoul de Pinet AOC - white, 100% Picpoul

La Clape Cru AOC - 90% red, 10% white, red: min. 70% GSM

49
Q

3 VDN Languedoc AOC’s located on Coastal Plains, grapes

A

Muscat de Lunel AOC
Muscat de Mireval AOC
Muscat de Frontignan AOC

Grape: Muscat à Petits Grains Blanc

50
Q

Only VDN AOC in Languedoc located in Mountains / Hillsides

A

Muscat de Saint Jean Minervois AOC

51
Q

Most western Languedoc AOC (Atlantic Corridor), Grapes

A

Malpère AOC
70% red, 30% rosé
min. 50% Merlot

52
Q

Which AOC in Languedoc is known for sparkling wine

A

Limoux

53
Q

In which Languedoc AOC dominate Bordeaux varieties

A

Malepère AOC - min 50% Merlot

54
Q

Which Languedoc AOC is known for Syrah based wines?

A

Minervois AOC

55
Q

In which Languedoc AOC do you find wines from Mauzac grape

A

Limoux AOC

still white
Blanquette de Limoux AOC
Blanquette de Limoux Méthode Ancestrale AOC

56
Q

What is the major grape in

Blanquette de Limoux AOC & Blanquette Méthode Ancestrale AOC

A

Mouzac

57
Q

Name 3 rivers that flow through Roussillon

A

Tech, Têt, Agly

58
Q

Four french departments in Languedoc

A

Aude
Herault
Gard
Lozére

59
Q

Banyuls AOC must contain 50% of which grape

A

Grenache Noir

60
Q

What grape is historic backbone of Languedoc red blend

A

Carignan

61
Q

Which grape is also known as Malvoisie du Roussillon or Malvasia

A

Tourbat

62
Q

Roussillon drafts what percentage of all of France VDN

A

80%

63
Q

Term for white Banyuls that is oxidized

A

Ambré

64
Q

Term for Red Banyuls made reductively

A

Rimage

65
Q

Term for red Banyuls that is oxidized

A

Tuilé

66
Q

Term for red Banyuls that is extremely oxidized

A

Rancio

67
Q

Explain terms Tuilé and Rancio in red Banyuls

A

Tuilé - oxidized

Rancio - extremely oxidized

68
Q

The sparkling tradition of Limoux predates that of Champagne by how many years

A

150 years

69
Q

How many Languedoc Crus

A

6

70
Q

Dominant grapes in red blends
Corbières AOC
Minervois AOC

A

Corbières - Carignan (min 50%)

Minervois - GSM (min 60%)

71
Q

Only 100% dry white AOC in Mountaineous region of Languedoc

A

Clairette du Languedoc AOC

Grape: Clairette

72
Q

Where was the first Coop cellar in France

A

Maraussan, Languedoc

73
Q

How did Phylloxera have a positive effect for Languedoc?

A

First region to be replanted, became major source for french wine

74
Q

Most important red grapes in Languedoc

A

Carignan, Syrah, Mourvèdre, Grenache

75
Q

Which grape is the historical backbone of Languedoc red blends?

A

Carignan

76
Q

3 rivers of Rousssillon and influence on climate

A

Agly, Têt, Tech

Carry cold water from Pyrenees,
temper areas around them

77
Q

Topography Roussillon

A

Hills, surrounded by mountains

78
Q

3 topographical zones Languedoc

A

Coastal plains: fertile, entry level IGPs

Mountains/Hillside: higher diurial variations, rainshadow

Atlantic corridor: Atlantic & Mediterranean forces meet

79
Q

Synonyme for

Tourbat (white grape), only grape used in Roussillon and not in Languedoc

A

Malvoisie du Roussillon

80
Q

Term Ambré

A

oxidized white VDN (amber color)

81
Q

Term ‘Tuilé’

A

Oxidized red VDN (tuilé - color of local roof tile)

82
Q

Term Rancio VDN

A

extremely oxidized

83
Q

Bonbonnes

A

Glas Jars used to oxidate VDN

84
Q

Which AOC and IGP Languedoc and Roussillon share jointly?

A

IGP Pays d’OC

Languedoc AOC

85
Q

Roussillon produces what percentage of all France’s VDN?

A

80%

86
Q

Term for Red Banyuls that is made reductively?

A

Rimage

87
Q

Term for white oxidized Banyuls

A

Ambré

88
Q

Terms for

  • oxidized Red Banyuls
  • extremely oxidized Red Banyuls
A

oxidized: Tuilé

extremely oxidized: Rancio

89
Q

What AOCs are located in the Languedocs ‘Atlantic Corridor’?

A

Cabardés, Malepère and Limoux AOCs

90
Q

What Languedoc AOC grows Chenin Blanc?

A

Limoux

91
Q

Which AOC covers the same area as Banyuls / Banyuls Grand Cru AOCss, but for dry wines?

A

Collioure AOC

92
Q

Which Roussillon AOC produces dry reds and VDN (red & white)?

A

Maury AOC

93
Q

2 Languedoc AOCs that produce only white wine from one single grape

A

Clairette de Languedoc AOC

Picpoul de Pinet AOC

French Wine Scholar (14 decks)

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