Language of Anatomy, Regional Terms, and Body Planes and Sections Flashcards
Covers Pages chapters 1-5
what is the Anatomical Position
Is a reference standard for anatomical terms regardless of the actual position of the body standing upright
- palms forward
- thumbs outward
What is the purpose of directional terms
where one body structure is in relation to another
Superior
toward the head end or upper part of a structure of the body; above
The head is __________ to the abdomen
superior
Inferior
Away from or at the head or upper part of the body: below
The navel is _________ to the chin
Inferior
Anterior (ventral)
Toward or at the front of the body; in front of
The breastbone is ________ to the spine
anterior
Posterior (dorsal)
toward or at the back of the body; behind
the heart is ______ to the breast bone
posterior
medial
toward or at the midline of the body; on the inner side of
The heart is ________ to the arm
medial
Lateral
Away from the midline of the body; on the outer side of
The arms are ________ to the chest
lateral
Intermediate
between a more medial and a more lateral structure
The collarbone is _________ between the breastbone and shoulder
Intermediate
Proximal
closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
The elbow is ________ to the wrist
proximal
Distal
father away from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
the knee is ________ to the thigh
distal
Superficial
toward or at the body surface
the skin is ________ to the skeletal muscles (external)
superficial
Deep (internal)
Away from the body surface; more internal
The lungs are _____ to the skin
deep
Regional terms
Used to identify specific areas within 2 major body divisions
Axial body division includes
The head, neck, and trunk
Axial body includes
The head, neck, and trunk
Appendicular body includes
the limbs
sagittal plane
vertical cut through the body that divides it into left and right halves
front plane
a vertical cut through the body that divides it in to anterior and posterior parts
sagittal plane
a vertical cut through the body
front plane
a vertical cut through the body that separates the body into anterior and posterior divisions
Transverse plane
a horizontal cut through the body that divides the body into superior and inferior parts
oblique
Terminology that explains a diagonal cut that is mostly used for trauma cases
In the axial portion of the body, there are two large cavities, what are they?
Dorsal Cavity and Ventral Cavity
Dorsal body cavity
filled with brain tissue and spinal cord tissue
What body cavity is the cranial cavity apart of and what does it contain?
Is is apart of the dorsal cavity and contains the brain.
What body cavity is the vertebral cavity apart of and what does it contain?
What body cavity is the cranial cavity apart of and what does it contain?
It is apart of the dorsal cavity and contains the brain.
What body cavity is the vertebral cavity apart of and what does it contain?
it is apart of the dorsal cavity and contains the spinal cord
What body cavity is the thoracic cavity apart of and what does it contain?
it is apart of the ventral cavity and contains the heart and lungs
oblique
Terminology that explains a diagonal cut that is mostly used for trauma cases
front plane
a vertical cut through the body that separates the body into anterior and posterior divisions
What body cavity is the abdominal cavity apart of and what does it contain?
it is apart of the ventral cavity and contains the digestive viscera
What body cavity is the pelvic cavity apart of and what does it contain?
it is apart of the ventral cavity and contains the urinary bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum
What is the biggest body cavity?
The Ventral Cavity
Ventral Cavity
contains the visceral organs (organ located in the ventral body cavity) and has two major subdivisions
Major Subdivision of the Ventral cavity
Thoracic Cavity anf Abdominopelvic cavity
Thoracic cavity
Surrounded by ribs and muscles
subdivided into
- lateral plural cavities (contains lungs)
- superior mediastinum
- medial mediastinum (contains heart0
