Language In Elderly

Question 1

How is expressive language effected in the elderly?

Answer 1

Picture and definition naming worse at 70+ (used circumlotion, slower retrieval times, may need more time to recognise object and activate corresponding word form)
No difference in verbal fluency and older know more names in response to definitions that’s younger
Decrease in fluid memory
More incidences of language affected diseases such as Alzheimer’s, dementia, Parkinson’s and motor neurone disease.
Presbyacusis may mean that they cannot hear own voice, so shout

Question 2

How is receptive language ability affected in old age?

Answer 2

Hearing loss form ageing: presbyacusis
Short term memory declines
May not understand modern terminologies
Visual cues may be missed

Question 3

How is reading affected in old age ?

Answer 3

Vision reduces

Cognitive functions may decline

Question 4

How is speech production affected in the elderly ?

Answer 4

Weakening facial musculature - may even present as a mild speech disorder
Speed and accuracy of articulation reduced
Tongue movements less efficient - affect articulation
Changes in dentition (teeth loss and denture use) this will affect the space and shape of the vocal tract which will affect voice quality.
Decrease in amount of saliva -dry mouth can affect speech (saliva needs for certain speech sounds)
Changes in vocal folds and cartilages affected with the larynx ( weakness an hoarseness of voice)
Increased curvature of vertebral column, lowering larynx (altered pitch)